Role of Metformin in Preventing New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Role of Metformin in Preventing New-Onset Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

<b>Background</b>: Recent evidence supports the protective role of metformin on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, its potential to prevent new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal renal function remains...

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Main Authors: Yu-Ling Lin, Sheng-Hsiang Lin, Hsi-Hao Wang, Wan-Chia Hsu, Shih-Yuan Hung, Yuan-Yow Chiou, Hung-Hsiang Liou, Min-Yu Chang, Li-Chun Ho, Ching-Fang Wu, Yi-Che Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Pharmaceuticals
Subjects:
chronic kidney disease
diabetes mellitus
diabetic kidney disease
kidney
metformin
renal
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/1/95
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Summary:<b>Background</b>: Recent evidence supports the protective role of metformin on kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, its potential to prevent new-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with normal renal function remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether metformin could prevent the development of new-onset CKD in such patients. <b>Methods</b>: This retrospective, observational, multicenter cohort study included 316,693 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. After matching using the inverse probability of treatment weighting, 9109 metformin users and 1221 nonusers were analyzed. The primary outcomes were an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of ≥30 mg/g, and a composite outcome defined as new-onset CKD. <b>Results</b>: The multivariable Cox survival model showed that metformin users had significantly better renal outcomes, with a notably lower risk of sustained eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (hazard ratio (HR), 0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.56–0.90) and new CKD onset (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65–0.94). <b>Conclusions</b>: Metformin plays a key role in delaying renal events in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in those with initially normal renal function.
ISSN:1424-8247

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