Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018
Malaria is a major public health issue in the Central African Republic (CAR) despite massive scale-up of malaria interventions. However, no information is available on the incidence of malaria in febrile illness cases or on the distribution of malaria infection according to demographic characteristi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3938541 |
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| author | Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko Brice Martial Yambiyo Carine Ngoagouni Ulrich Vickos Alexandre Manirakiza Emmanuel Nakouné |
| author_facet | Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko Brice Martial Yambiyo Carine Ngoagouni Ulrich Vickos Alexandre Manirakiza Emmanuel Nakouné |
| author_sort | Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria is a major public health issue in the Central African Republic (CAR) despite massive scale-up of malaria interventions. However, no information is available on the incidence of malaria in febrile illness cases or on the distribution of malaria infection according to demographic characteristics, which are important indicators and valuable epidemiological surveillance tools. This study therefore aimed to characterize malaria in the network of sentinel sites set up for influenza surveillance. A retrospective analysis was conducted to explore the data from these sentinel sites from 2015 to 2018. The Paracheck-Pf® rapid diagnosis test kit was used to screen for malaria in febrile illness cases. A total of 3609 malaria cases were identified in 5397 febrile patients, giving an incidence rate of 66.8%. The age group of 1–4 years was the most affected by malaria (76.0%). Moreover, prevalence varied across different sentinel sites, with the Bossembele Health Center, located in a rural area, showing an incidence of 96%, the Saint Joseph Health Center in a semiurban area of Bangui showing an incidence of 75%, and the Bangui Pediatric Complex in an urban site with an incidence of only 44.6%. Malaria transmission was holoendemic over the four-year study period, and malaria incidence decreased from 2016 to 2018. The incidence of malaria coinfection with influenza was 6.8%. This study demonstrated clear microspatial heterogeneity of malaria. Malaria was consistently the most frequent cause of febrile illness. Including sites in different climate zones in the CAR will allow for a more representative study. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd9d28f0b03a479cab391c61882b872d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-708X 1687-7098 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd9d28f0b03a479cab391c61882b872d2025-02-03T01:04:05ZengWileyInterdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases1687-708X1687-70982020-01-01202010.1155/2020/39385413938541Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko0Brice Martial Yambiyo1Carine Ngoagouni2Ulrich Vickos3Alexandre Manirakiza4Emmanuel Nakouné5Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute Pasteur of Bangui, P.O. Box 923, Bangui, Central African RepublicEpidemiology Service, Institute Pasteur of Bangui, P.O. Box 923, Bangui, Central African RepublicMedical Entomology Service, Institute Pasteur of Bangui, P.O. Box 923, Bangui, Central African RepublicVirology Department, Institute Pasteur of Bangui, P.O. Box 923, Bangui, Central African RepublicEpidemiology Service, Institute Pasteur of Bangui, P.O. Box 923, Bangui, Central African RepublicVirology Department, Institute Pasteur of Bangui, P.O. Box 923, Bangui, Central African RepublicMalaria is a major public health issue in the Central African Republic (CAR) despite massive scale-up of malaria interventions. However, no information is available on the incidence of malaria in febrile illness cases or on the distribution of malaria infection according to demographic characteristics, which are important indicators and valuable epidemiological surveillance tools. This study therefore aimed to characterize malaria in the network of sentinel sites set up for influenza surveillance. A retrospective analysis was conducted to explore the data from these sentinel sites from 2015 to 2018. The Paracheck-Pf® rapid diagnosis test kit was used to screen for malaria in febrile illness cases. A total of 3609 malaria cases were identified in 5397 febrile patients, giving an incidence rate of 66.8%. The age group of 1–4 years was the most affected by malaria (76.0%). Moreover, prevalence varied across different sentinel sites, with the Bossembele Health Center, located in a rural area, showing an incidence of 96%, the Saint Joseph Health Center in a semiurban area of Bangui showing an incidence of 75%, and the Bangui Pediatric Complex in an urban site with an incidence of only 44.6%. Malaria transmission was holoendemic over the four-year study period, and malaria incidence decreased from 2016 to 2018. The incidence of malaria coinfection with influenza was 6.8%. This study demonstrated clear microspatial heterogeneity of malaria. Malaria was consistently the most frequent cause of febrile illness. Including sites in different climate zones in the CAR will allow for a more representative study.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3938541 |
| spellingShingle | Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko Brice Martial Yambiyo Carine Ngoagouni Ulrich Vickos Alexandre Manirakiza Emmanuel Nakouné Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases |
| title | Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018 |
| title_full | Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018 |
| title_fullStr | Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018 |
| title_short | Falciparum Malaria in Febrile Patients at Sentinel Sites for Influenza Surveillance in the Central African Republic from 2015 to 2018 |
| title_sort | falciparum malaria in febrile patients at sentinel sites for influenza surveillance in the central african republic from 2015 to 2018 |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3938541 |
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