Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are significant respiratory conditions that contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality globally. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains the third most prevalent cause of death worldwide, with 90% of chronic obstructive pulm...
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Elsevier
2025-06-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424001287 |
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| author | Vijaya L. Seegulam, MPH Caretia J. Washington, BS Parvathy P. Surendran, BPT Alyssa M. Falise, PhD, MSPH Diana Gomez-Manjarres, MD Catalina Lopez-Quintero, MD, MPH, PhD |
| author_facet | Vijaya L. Seegulam, MPH Caretia J. Washington, BS Parvathy P. Surendran, BPT Alyssa M. Falise, PhD, MSPH Diana Gomez-Manjarres, MD Catalina Lopez-Quintero, MD, MPH, PhD |
| author_sort | Vijaya L. Seegulam, MPH |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are significant respiratory conditions that contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality globally. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains the third most prevalent cause of death worldwide, with 90% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths attributed to combustible cigarette smoking. Asthma, although often less fatal, leads to considerable health burdens, particularly among marginalized populations who are at higher risk for both more severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma outcomes. This study investigates the association between race/ethnicity and current cigarette smoking among adults diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma in the U.S. before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The authors analyzed data from 10,763 adults (aged ≥40 years) with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma surveyed in the 2019, 2021, and 2023 National Health Interview Survey. The authors estimated predicted probabilities derived from multiple logistic regression and negative binomial regression models to examine changes in (1) the prevalence of current cigarette smoking in the target population, (2) the mean number of days of cigarette smoking in the past 30 days, and (3) the mean number of cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days across racial/ethnic subgroups and prepandemic, pandemic, and postpandemic periods. Results: Current cigarette smoking was reported by about one fifth (20%) of U.S. adults diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Among them, the mean number of days of cigarette smoking in the past 30 days was 27 days, and the mean number of cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days was 14. Hispanic individuals had the lowest prepandemic rates of current cigarette smoking (10.5%); however, it was the only racial/ethnic group showing a significant change during the pandemic, with rates increasing to 14.9% during the pandemic. Non-Hispanic White individuals, who showed the highest rates of current cigarette smoking (21.1%) during the pandemic, were the only racial/ethnic group showing a significant decline in the postpandemic period (19.8%). No significant changes were observed in the mean number of days or cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days, except for a marginally significant increase in cigarette consumption among non-Hispanic Black individuals. Conclusions: These analyses suggest that the pandemic had a differential impact on the rates of current smoking across racial/ethnic subgroups in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma, with a detrimental effect in Hispanic individuals and an improvement among non-Hispanic White individuals. Given the dangers of smoking in chronic lung conditions, future research should investigate the factors behind these to develop targeted interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fcc922a160964cb78ee6a454524e38b7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | doaj-art-fcc922a160964cb78ee6a454524e38b72025-01-31T05:12:49ZengElsevierAJPM Focus2773-06542025-06-0143100310Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 PandemicVijaya L. Seegulam, MPH0Caretia J. Washington, BS1Parvathy P. Surendran, BPT2Alyssa M. Falise, PhD, MSPH3Diana Gomez-Manjarres, MD4Catalina Lopez-Quintero, MD, MPH, PhD5Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FloridaDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Address correspondence to: Caretia J. Washington, BS, Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Road, PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL 32603.Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FloridaDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; American College of Medical Toxicology, Phoenix, ArizonaDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FloridaDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FloridaIntroduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are significant respiratory conditions that contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality globally. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains the third most prevalent cause of death worldwide, with 90% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths attributed to combustible cigarette smoking. Asthma, although often less fatal, leads to considerable health burdens, particularly among marginalized populations who are at higher risk for both more severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma outcomes. This study investigates the association between race/ethnicity and current cigarette smoking among adults diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma in the U.S. before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The authors analyzed data from 10,763 adults (aged ≥40 years) with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma surveyed in the 2019, 2021, and 2023 National Health Interview Survey. The authors estimated predicted probabilities derived from multiple logistic regression and negative binomial regression models to examine changes in (1) the prevalence of current cigarette smoking in the target population, (2) the mean number of days of cigarette smoking in the past 30 days, and (3) the mean number of cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days across racial/ethnic subgroups and prepandemic, pandemic, and postpandemic periods. Results: Current cigarette smoking was reported by about one fifth (20%) of U.S. adults diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Among them, the mean number of days of cigarette smoking in the past 30 days was 27 days, and the mean number of cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days was 14. Hispanic individuals had the lowest prepandemic rates of current cigarette smoking (10.5%); however, it was the only racial/ethnic group showing a significant change during the pandemic, with rates increasing to 14.9% during the pandemic. Non-Hispanic White individuals, who showed the highest rates of current cigarette smoking (21.1%) during the pandemic, were the only racial/ethnic group showing a significant decline in the postpandemic period (19.8%). No significant changes were observed in the mean number of days or cigarettes smoked in the past 30 days, except for a marginally significant increase in cigarette consumption among non-Hispanic Black individuals. Conclusions: These analyses suggest that the pandemic had a differential impact on the rates of current smoking across racial/ethnic subgroups in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma, with a detrimental effect in Hispanic individuals and an improvement among non-Hispanic White individuals. Given the dangers of smoking in chronic lung conditions, future research should investigate the factors behind these to develop targeted interventions.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424001287COPDasthmasmokingdisparitiesracepandemic |
| spellingShingle | Vijaya L. Seegulam, MPH Caretia J. Washington, BS Parvathy P. Surendran, BPT Alyssa M. Falise, PhD, MSPH Diana Gomez-Manjarres, MD Catalina Lopez-Quintero, MD, MPH, PhD Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic AJPM Focus COPD asthma smoking disparities race pandemic |
| title | Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full | Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_short | Cigarette Smoking Patterns Among Racial and Ethnic Groups With Chronic Lung Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_sort | cigarette smoking patterns among racial and ethnic groups with chronic lung diseases during the covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | COPD asthma smoking disparities race pandemic |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773065424001287 |
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