Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs
This paper investigates the relationship between relative permittivity and infill density in 3D printed dielectric slabs. As the infill density of a 3D printed substrate is varied, its relative permittivity also varies which affects the performance of radio frequency devices. Hence, it is essential...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10838558/ |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832583270759399424 |
|---|---|
| author | Bibek Kattel Winn Elliott Hutchcraft Richard K. Gordon |
| author_facet | Bibek Kattel Winn Elliott Hutchcraft Richard K. Gordon |
| author_sort | Bibek Kattel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper investigates the relationship between relative permittivity and infill density in 3D printed dielectric slabs. As the infill density of a 3D printed substrate is varied, its relative permittivity also varies which affects the performance of radio frequency devices. Hence, it is essential to characterize the relationship between relative permittivity and infill density in 3D printed substrates. To explore this, dielectric slabs with varying sizes and infill densities were additively manufactured using Fused Deposition Modeling and measured for permittivity using reflection/transmission methods in air-filled waveguides. The measured relative permittivity at specific infill density is coined as effective relative permittivity throughout the paper. The relationship between effective relative permittivity and infill density, found to be linear in our preceding simulation study was validated for higher infill densities through empirical measurements. Additionally, the paper presents a novel standardized method using the Weiner bounds to quantify this relationship. The findings indicate that the relationship is linear for the infill layers, however, the inclusion of solid layers impacts the linear relationship. Therefore, an equation is introduced to estimate the permittivity of a 3D printed substrate when solid layers are incorporated. Finally, the practical applicability of this relationship is demonstrated by fabricating a 3D printed patch antenna with a 50% infill density substrate, establishing infill density as a crucial parameter in radio frequency design when using additive manufacturing methods. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fad7eb7184aa4e0b9c14a94fad0b8ced |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-fad7eb7184aa4e0b9c14a94fad0b8ced2025-01-29T00:00:53ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113161711618110.1109/ACCESS.2025.352887710838558Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric SlabsBibek Kattel0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5431-1635Winn Elliott Hutchcraft1https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8846-6803Richard K. Gordon2https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9240-4577Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USAThis paper investigates the relationship between relative permittivity and infill density in 3D printed dielectric slabs. As the infill density of a 3D printed substrate is varied, its relative permittivity also varies which affects the performance of radio frequency devices. Hence, it is essential to characterize the relationship between relative permittivity and infill density in 3D printed substrates. To explore this, dielectric slabs with varying sizes and infill densities were additively manufactured using Fused Deposition Modeling and measured for permittivity using reflection/transmission methods in air-filled waveguides. The measured relative permittivity at specific infill density is coined as effective relative permittivity throughout the paper. The relationship between effective relative permittivity and infill density, found to be linear in our preceding simulation study was validated for higher infill densities through empirical measurements. Additionally, the paper presents a novel standardized method using the Weiner bounds to quantify this relationship. The findings indicate that the relationship is linear for the infill layers, however, the inclusion of solid layers impacts the linear relationship. Therefore, an equation is introduced to estimate the permittivity of a 3D printed substrate when solid layers are incorporated. Finally, the practical applicability of this relationship is demonstrated by fabricating a 3D printed patch antenna with a 50% infill density substrate, establishing infill density as a crucial parameter in radio frequency design when using additive manufacturing methods.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10838558/3D printingantenna designantenna optimizationeffective relative permittivityinfill boundsinfill density |
| spellingShingle | Bibek Kattel Winn Elliott Hutchcraft Richard K. Gordon Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs IEEE Access 3D printing antenna design antenna optimization effective relative permittivity infill bounds infill density |
| title | Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs |
| title_full | Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs |
| title_short | Evaluating the Relationship Between Relative Permittivity and Infill Density in 3D Printed Dielectric Slabs |
| title_sort | evaluating the relationship between relative permittivity and infill density in 3d printed dielectric slabs |
| topic | 3D printing antenna design antenna optimization effective relative permittivity infill bounds infill density |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10838558/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bibekkattel evaluatingtherelationshipbetweenrelativepermittivityandinfilldensityin3dprinteddielectricslabs AT winnelliotthutchcraft evaluatingtherelationshipbetweenrelativepermittivityandinfilldensityin3dprinteddielectricslabs AT richardkgordon evaluatingtherelationshipbetweenrelativepermittivityandinfilldensityin3dprinteddielectricslabs |