Oilseed radish – valuable crop of a wide range use
The article highlights the national economic significance of the oilseed radish culture (Raphanus sativum d. Var. Oleifera Metrg.) іn various industries: animal husbandry, plant growing, beekeeping, medicine, cosmetics, food and technical industry. The biological characteristics of a culture rich i...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Publishing House of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Передгірне та гірське землеробство і тваринництво |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.isgkr.science/index.php/phzt/article/view/277 |
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| Summary: | The article highlights the national economic significance of the oilseed radish culture (Raphanus sativum d. Var. Oleifera Metrg.) іn various industries: animal husbandry, plant growing, beekeeping, medicine, cosmetics, food and technical industry. The biological characteristics of a culture rich in vitamins, macro- and microelements are described. 100 kg of green mass of oil radish contains 12–16 feed units, 12–14 % dry matter, 26–29 % crude protein, mineral compounds (sulfur, phosphorus, calcium, carotene). Post-harvest crops form up to 30 t/ha of high-protein mass, which is fed to all types of animals and poultry in mixtures with cereals – oats, corn, Sudanese grass. It is an excellent green manure for improving physical properties of the soil, reducing disease damage, which has a positive effect on the productivity of subsequent crops.
The oil radish is a well-known cruciferous plant. It is a valuable organic fertilizer with unique properties. Helps prevent soil depletion after crops that extract useful components in their development. Natural fertilizers from green manure – annual crops sown to improve the soil – are becoming more widespread. And not only among gardeners and owners of small and medium-sized farms, but also in agricultural holdings, that is, in those who position their products as "environmentally friendly". At least for the reason that chemically synthesized nitrogen fertilizers are not used in the cultivation of products, preferring to obtain them from green manure. A worthy and unpretentious representative of which, olive radish, occupies a significant place among green manure crops.
The introduction of ecologically compliant, high-yielding varieties contributes to an increase in the areas of oil radish sowing. Recommended new varieties are included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine in 2021.
The main problems in the technology of growing oil radish with the aim of increasing seed and fodder productivity have been identified. It is indicated that oilseed radish does not require special costs and complex cultivation technology. The best predecessors for it are: winter wheat, winter barley, corn, cereal-legume
mixtures for grain, vegetables and intermediate cultures. You cannot sow it after cabbage crops. Depending on the use, this crop can be sown early and late at different seeding rates and a system of basic and additional fertilization. Modern methods of harvesting provide full mechanization of all processes and in a short time allow you to harvest with minimal losses while maintaining high quality seeds.
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| ISSN: | 0130-8521 2786-5231 |