Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5
We present the discovery of a large extended radio jet associated with the extremely radio-loud quasar J1601+3102 at z ∼ 5 from subarcsecond resolution imaging at 144 MHz with the International LOFAR Telescope. These large radio lobes have been argued to remain elusive at z > 4 due to ener...
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9609 |
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| author | Anniek J. Gloudemans Frits Sweijen Leah K. Morabito Emanuele Paolo Farina Kenneth J. Duncan Yuichi Harikane Huub J. A. Röttgering Aayush Saxena Jan-Torge Schindler |
| author_facet | Anniek J. Gloudemans Frits Sweijen Leah K. Morabito Emanuele Paolo Farina Kenneth J. Duncan Yuichi Harikane Huub J. A. Röttgering Aayush Saxena Jan-Torge Schindler |
| author_sort | Anniek J. Gloudemans |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present the discovery of a large extended radio jet associated with the extremely radio-loud quasar J1601+3102 at z ∼ 5 from subarcsecond resolution imaging at 144 MHz with the International LOFAR Telescope. These large radio lobes have been argued to remain elusive at z > 4 due to energy losses in the synchrotron emitting plasma as a result of scattering of the strong cosmic microwave background at these high redshifts. Nonetheless, the 0 $\mathop{.}\limits^{{\rm{^{\prime} }}{\rm{^{\prime} }}}$ 3 resolution radio image of J1601+3102 reveals a northern and a southern radio lobe located at 9 and 57 kpc from the optical quasar, respectively. The measured jet size of 66 kpc makes J1601+3102 the largest extended radio jet at z > 4 to date. However, it is expected to have an even larger physical size in reality due to projection effects brought about by the viewing angle. Furthermore, we observe the rest-frame UV spectrum of J1601+3102 with Gemini/GNIRS to examine its black hole properties, which results in a mass of 4.5 × 10 ^8 M _⊙ with an Eddington luminosity ratio of 0.45. The black hole mass is relatively low compared to the known high- z quasar population, which suggests that a high black hole mass is not strictly necessary to generate a powerful jet. This discovery of the first ∼100 kpc radio jet at z > 4 shows that these objects exist despite energy losses from inverse Compton scattering and can put invaluable constraints on the formation of the first radio-loud sources in the early Universe. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-8205 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-f8ea3e256c7a4b21ac4406c608cac5392025-02-06T11:30:50ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Letters2041-82052025-01-019801L810.3847/2041-8213/ad9609Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5Anniek J. Gloudemans0https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8274-441XFrits Sweijen1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6470-7967Leah K. Morabito2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0487-6651Emanuele Paolo Farina3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-2254Kenneth J. Duncan4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6889-8388Yuichi Harikane5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-430XHuub J. A. Röttgering6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8887-2257Aayush Saxena7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5333-9970Jan-Torge Schindler8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4544-8242NSF NOIRLab , Gemini Observatory, 670 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA ; anniek.gloudemans@noirlab.eduCentre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE, UKCentre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE, UK; Institute for Computational Cosmology , Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UKInternational Gemini Observatory/NSF NOIRLab , 670 North A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USAInstitute for Astronomy , Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ, UKInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa City, Chiba, 277-8582, JapanLeiden Observatory, Leiden University , P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKHamburger Sternwarte, University of Hamburg , Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, GermanyWe present the discovery of a large extended radio jet associated with the extremely radio-loud quasar J1601+3102 at z ∼ 5 from subarcsecond resolution imaging at 144 MHz with the International LOFAR Telescope. These large radio lobes have been argued to remain elusive at z > 4 due to energy losses in the synchrotron emitting plasma as a result of scattering of the strong cosmic microwave background at these high redshifts. Nonetheless, the 0 $\mathop{.}\limits^{{\rm{^{\prime} }}{\rm{^{\prime} }}}$ 3 resolution radio image of J1601+3102 reveals a northern and a southern radio lobe located at 9 and 57 kpc from the optical quasar, respectively. The measured jet size of 66 kpc makes J1601+3102 the largest extended radio jet at z > 4 to date. However, it is expected to have an even larger physical size in reality due to projection effects brought about by the viewing angle. Furthermore, we observe the rest-frame UV spectrum of J1601+3102 with Gemini/GNIRS to examine its black hole properties, which results in a mass of 4.5 × 10 ^8 M _⊙ with an Eddington luminosity ratio of 0.45. The black hole mass is relatively low compared to the known high- z quasar population, which suggests that a high black hole mass is not strictly necessary to generate a powerful jet. This discovery of the first ∼100 kpc radio jet at z > 4 shows that these objects exist despite energy losses from inverse Compton scattering and can put invaluable constraints on the formation of the first radio-loud sources in the early Universe.https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9609Radio loud quasarsHigh-redshift galaxiesRadio jets |
| spellingShingle | Anniek J. Gloudemans Frits Sweijen Leah K. Morabito Emanuele Paolo Farina Kenneth J. Duncan Yuichi Harikane Huub J. A. Röttgering Aayush Saxena Jan-Torge Schindler Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5 The Astrophysical Journal Letters Radio loud quasars High-redshift galaxies Radio jets |
| title | Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5 |
| title_full | Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5 |
| title_fullStr | Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5 |
| title_short | Monster Radio Jet (>66 kpc) Observed in Quasar at z ∼ 5 |
| title_sort | monster radio jet 66 kpc observed in quasar at z ∼ 5 |
| topic | Radio loud quasars High-redshift galaxies Radio jets |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9609 |
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