Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies
Understanding the complex neuromuscular strategies underlying behavioral adaptation in healthy individuals and motor recovery after brain damage is essential for gaining fundamental knowledge on the motor control system. Relying on the concept of muscle synergy, which indicates the number of coordin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8586416 |
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| author | Fady S. Alnajjar Juan C. Moreno Ken-ichi Ozaki Izumi Kondo Shingo Shimoda |
| author_facet | Fady S. Alnajjar Juan C. Moreno Ken-ichi Ozaki Izumi Kondo Shingo Shimoda |
| author_sort | Fady S. Alnajjar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the complex neuromuscular strategies underlying behavioral adaptation in healthy individuals and motor recovery after brain damage is essential for gaining fundamental knowledge on the motor control system. Relying on the concept of muscle synergy, which indicates the number of coordinated muscles needed to accomplish specific movements, we investigated behavioral adaptation in nine healthy participants who were introduced to a familiar environment and unfamiliar environment. We then compared the resulting computed muscle synergies with those observed in 10 moderate-stroke survivors throughout an 11-week motor recovery period. Our results revealed that computed muscle synergy characteristics changed after healthy participants were introduced to the unfamiliar environment, compared with those initially observed in the familiar environment, and exhibited an increased neural response to unpredictable inputs. The altered neural activities dramatically adjusted through behavior training to suit the unfamiliar environment requirements. Interestingly, we observed similar neuromuscular behaviors in patients with moderate stroke during the follow-up period of their motor recovery. This similarity suggests that the underlying neuromuscular strategies for adapting to an unfamiliar environment are comparable to those used for the recovery of motor function after stroke. Both mechanisms can be considered as a recall of neural pathways derived from preexisting muscle synergies, already encoded by the brain’s internal model. Our results provide further insight on the fundamental principles of motor control and thus can guide the future development of poststroke therapies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f8c9ce84cf26489daabbd735d6978d45 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-f8c9ce84cf26489daabbd735d6978d452025-02-03T07:24:20ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432019-01-01201910.1155/2019/85864168586416Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle SynergiesFady S. Alnajjar0Juan C. Moreno1Ken-ichi Ozaki2Izumi Kondo3Shingo Shimoda4College of Information Technology (CIT), The United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAENeural Rehabilitation Group, Cajal Institute, National Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, SpainNational Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, JapanNational Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, JapanRIKEN BSI-Toyota Collaboration Center, Aichi, JapanUnderstanding the complex neuromuscular strategies underlying behavioral adaptation in healthy individuals and motor recovery after brain damage is essential for gaining fundamental knowledge on the motor control system. Relying on the concept of muscle synergy, which indicates the number of coordinated muscles needed to accomplish specific movements, we investigated behavioral adaptation in nine healthy participants who were introduced to a familiar environment and unfamiliar environment. We then compared the resulting computed muscle synergies with those observed in 10 moderate-stroke survivors throughout an 11-week motor recovery period. Our results revealed that computed muscle synergy characteristics changed after healthy participants were introduced to the unfamiliar environment, compared with those initially observed in the familiar environment, and exhibited an increased neural response to unpredictable inputs. The altered neural activities dramatically adjusted through behavior training to suit the unfamiliar environment requirements. Interestingly, we observed similar neuromuscular behaviors in patients with moderate stroke during the follow-up period of their motor recovery. This similarity suggests that the underlying neuromuscular strategies for adapting to an unfamiliar environment are comparable to those used for the recovery of motor function after stroke. Both mechanisms can be considered as a recall of neural pathways derived from preexisting muscle synergies, already encoded by the brain’s internal model. Our results provide further insight on the fundamental principles of motor control and thus can guide the future development of poststroke therapies.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8586416 |
| spellingShingle | Fady S. Alnajjar Juan C. Moreno Ken-ichi Ozaki Izumi Kondo Shingo Shimoda Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies Neural Plasticity |
| title | Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies |
| title_full | Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies |
| title_fullStr | Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies |
| title_short | Motor Control System for Adaptation of Healthy Individuals and Recovery of Poststroke Patients: A Case Study on Muscle Synergies |
| title_sort | motor control system for adaptation of healthy individuals and recovery of poststroke patients a case study on muscle synergies |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8586416 |
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