Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process
In this paper, Ag contained in the lead-silver slag was recovered during the melt-vaporization process. The existing Ag state in the soot was analyzed, the influence of the reaction temperature, the carbon ratio, and the reaction time on the removal rate of the silver was investigated, and the proce...
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University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, Bor
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy |
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| Online Access: | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2023/1450-53392300030S.pdf |
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| author | Shen Y.-Y. Zhao X.-S. Zhang F.-J. Ma W.-X. Wang X.-F. Du X.-Y. |
| author_facet | Shen Y.-Y. Zhao X.-S. Zhang F.-J. Ma W.-X. Wang X.-F. Du X.-Y. |
| author_sort | Shen Y.-Y. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, Ag contained in the lead-silver slag was recovered during the melt-vaporization process. The existing Ag state in the soot was analyzed, the influence of the reaction temperature, the carbon ratio, and the reaction time on the removal rate of the silver was investigated, and the process conditions were optimized using reaction surface methodology. Silver chloride, silver metal, silver sulfide, silver oxide, and silver sulfate are the main silver phases in lead-silver slag, of which silver chloride and silver sulfide are the main phases. The silver oxide (Ag2O) and the silver chloride (AgCl) in the leadsilver slag volatilize to soot, the silver sulfide (Ag2S) is oxidized by oxygen to silver sulfate (Ag2SO4), and elemental silver volatilizes with Pb and Zn to form alloys. The silver is ultimately present as Ag, AgCl, Ag2O and Ag2SO4 in the soot. The removal rate of the silver gradually increases with increasing reaction temperature and tends to remain stable at 1300°C. With a gradual increase in the carbon content, the removal rate of silver first increases and then decreases. The highest value is 80.12 wt% when the carbon content is 16.30 wt%. As the holding time increases, the silver removal rate gradually increases and then stabilizes at 79.97 wt% even at a holding time of 150 minutes. The optimum process conditions for silver removal are a reaction temperature of 1340°C, a carbon content of 16.10 wt%, and a holding time of 165 minutes. The average removal rate of silver under these conditions is 80.42 wt%. The research in this article provides a theoretical basis for the removal and utilization of silver from lead and silver residues. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f6003c5f50c0454d9bd3d694fc0c3341 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1450-5339 2217-7175 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, Bor |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy |
| spelling | doaj-art-f6003c5f50c0454d9bd3d694fc0c33412025-02-03T10:31:33ZengUniversity of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, BorJournal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy1450-53392217-71752023-01-0159234936110.2298/JMMB230519030S1450-53392300030SExistent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization processShen Y.-Y.0Zhao X.-S.1Zhang F.-J.2Ma W.-X.3Wang X.-F.4Du X.-Y.5School of Materials & Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR ChinaSchool of Materials & Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR ChinaSchool of Materials & Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR ChinaSchool of Materials & Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR ChinaGansu rare earth new material limited-liability company, Baiyin, PR ChinaSchool of Materials & Science, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR ChinaIn this paper, Ag contained in the lead-silver slag was recovered during the melt-vaporization process. The existing Ag state in the soot was analyzed, the influence of the reaction temperature, the carbon ratio, and the reaction time on the removal rate of the silver was investigated, and the process conditions were optimized using reaction surface methodology. Silver chloride, silver metal, silver sulfide, silver oxide, and silver sulfate are the main silver phases in lead-silver slag, of which silver chloride and silver sulfide are the main phases. The silver oxide (Ag2O) and the silver chloride (AgCl) in the leadsilver slag volatilize to soot, the silver sulfide (Ag2S) is oxidized by oxygen to silver sulfate (Ag2SO4), and elemental silver volatilizes with Pb and Zn to form alloys. The silver is ultimately present as Ag, AgCl, Ag2O and Ag2SO4 in the soot. The removal rate of the silver gradually increases with increasing reaction temperature and tends to remain stable at 1300°C. With a gradual increase in the carbon content, the removal rate of silver first increases and then decreases. The highest value is 80.12 wt% when the carbon content is 16.30 wt%. As the holding time increases, the silver removal rate gradually increases and then stabilizes at 79.97 wt% even at a holding time of 150 minutes. The optimum process conditions for silver removal are a reaction temperature of 1340°C, a carbon content of 16.10 wt%, and a holding time of 165 minutes. The average removal rate of silver under these conditions is 80.42 wt%. The research in this article provides a theoretical basis for the removal and utilization of silver from lead and silver residues.https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2023/1450-53392300030S.pdflead-silver slagmelt-vaporization processsilver phaseresponse surface methodremoval rate |
| spellingShingle | Shen Y.-Y. Zhao X.-S. Zhang F.-J. Ma W.-X. Wang X.-F. Du X.-Y. Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process Journal of Mining and Metallurgy. Section B: Metallurgy lead-silver slag melt-vaporization process silver phase response surface method removal rate |
| title | Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process |
| title_full | Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process |
| title_fullStr | Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process |
| title_short | Existent state and removal rate of silver in lead-silver slag during the melt-vaporization process |
| title_sort | existent state and removal rate of silver in lead silver slag during the melt vaporization process |
| topic | lead-silver slag melt-vaporization process silver phase response surface method removal rate |
| url | https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-5339/2023/1450-53392300030S.pdf |
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