Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study
Abstract Background Due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat waves and other extreme weather events are rapidly increasing. Compared to the general population, pregnant women and fetuses are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures and are associated with the...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Qiqi Huang Xiong-Fei Pan Shijiao Yan Zhonghan Sun Yuwei Lai Yixiang Ye Jiaying Yuan Chuanzhu Lv Rixing Wang Xingyue Song |
| author_facet | Qiqi Huang Xiong-Fei Pan Shijiao Yan Zhonghan Sun Yuwei Lai Yixiang Ye Jiaying Yuan Chuanzhu Lv Rixing Wang Xingyue Song |
| author_sort | Qiqi Huang |
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| description | Abstract Background Due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat waves and other extreme weather events are rapidly increasing. Compared to the general population, pregnant women and fetuses are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures and are associated with the occurrence of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, its risk of preterm birth is currently uncertain. The objective of the research is to examine the effect of ambient temperature on PTB in pregnant women. Methods This study included 6,850 pregnant women from the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Meteorological data for Chengdu through the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The main exposure assessment was conducted during eight different exposure windows, including the first three months of pregnancy, 7 weeks periods during the first two trimesters, throughout pregnancy, 1-week preceding delivery, and 4 weeks preceding delivery. The effect of environmental temperature on PTB during different exposure windows was assessed using the logistic regression based on the percentile of the mean temperature in different exposure cycles. Additionally, the lagged effect of environmental temperature on preterm births throughout the study period was analyzed using a distributed lag non-linear model. Results Among the 6850 pregnant women, 301 (4.4%) were diagnosed with PTB. Compared to mild temperature (10th to 90th percentile), exposure to extreme cold (< 10th percentile) temperature during the 4 weeks preceding delivery (RR = 2.45, 95% CI:1.11,5.40) and throughout pregnancy (RR = 3.85, 95% CI:1.56,9.53) increased the risk of PTB. In addition, hot temperature (> 90th percentile) at 4 weeks preceding delivery (RR = 0.33, 95% CI:0.13,0.86) and 22–28 weeks of pregnancy (RR = 0.25, 95% CI:0.11,0.59), and cold exposure at 1-week preceding delivery(RR = 0.51, 95% CI:0.27,0.96), reduced risk of PTB. In the lagged model, compared with 18° C (50th percentile), 7 °C (10th percentile) had the strongest effect on lag day 21 and lag 22 (RR = 1.20, 95% CI:1.03,1.40; RR = 1.20, 95% CI:1.03,1.39). A temperature of 27° C (90th percentile) was protective for PTB from the 22nd day of lag(RR = 0.86, 95% CI:0.75,0.99). Conclusions This study indicates that high temperature may be a protective factor for PTB, while low temperature may be a risk factor, with an obvious lag effect. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f3d2fcc06bc6495aaf46c02ce857558b |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-f3d2fcc06bc6495aaf46c02ce857558b2025-01-26T12:56:31ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111110.1186/s12889-025-21403-5Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort studyQiqi Huang0Xiong-Fei Pan1Shijiao Yan2Zhonghan Sun3Yuwei Lai4Yixiang Ye5Jiaying Yuan6Chuanzhu Lv7Rixing Wang8Xingyue Song9School of Public Health, Hainan Medical UniversitySection of Epidemiology and Population Health & Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children & National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Technical Research On Drug Products In Vitro and In Vivo Correlation, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Hainan Medical UniversityHuman Phenome Institute, Fudan UniversityDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Science and Education, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health HospitalEmergency Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDepartment of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Acute and Critical Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityAbstract Background Due to climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat waves and other extreme weather events are rapidly increasing. Compared to the general population, pregnant women and fetuses are increasingly vulnerable to the effects of extreme temperatures and are associated with the occurrence of adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth (PTB). However, its risk of preterm birth is currently uncertain. The objective of the research is to examine the effect of ambient temperature on PTB in pregnant women. Methods This study included 6,850 pregnant women from the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Meteorological data for Chengdu through the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The main exposure assessment was conducted during eight different exposure windows, including the first three months of pregnancy, 7 weeks periods during the first two trimesters, throughout pregnancy, 1-week preceding delivery, and 4 weeks preceding delivery. The effect of environmental temperature on PTB during different exposure windows was assessed using the logistic regression based on the percentile of the mean temperature in different exposure cycles. Additionally, the lagged effect of environmental temperature on preterm births throughout the study period was analyzed using a distributed lag non-linear model. Results Among the 6850 pregnant women, 301 (4.4%) were diagnosed with PTB. Compared to mild temperature (10th to 90th percentile), exposure to extreme cold (< 10th percentile) temperature during the 4 weeks preceding delivery (RR = 2.45, 95% CI:1.11,5.40) and throughout pregnancy (RR = 3.85, 95% CI:1.56,9.53) increased the risk of PTB. In addition, hot temperature (> 90th percentile) at 4 weeks preceding delivery (RR = 0.33, 95% CI:0.13,0.86) and 22–28 weeks of pregnancy (RR = 0.25, 95% CI:0.11,0.59), and cold exposure at 1-week preceding delivery(RR = 0.51, 95% CI:0.27,0.96), reduced risk of PTB. In the lagged model, compared with 18° C (50th percentile), 7 °C (10th percentile) had the strongest effect on lag day 21 and lag 22 (RR = 1.20, 95% CI:1.03,1.40; RR = 1.20, 95% CI:1.03,1.39). A temperature of 27° C (90th percentile) was protective for PTB from the 22nd day of lag(RR = 0.86, 95% CI:0.75,0.99). Conclusions This study indicates that high temperature may be a protective factor for PTB, while low temperature may be a risk factor, with an obvious lag effect.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21403-5Preterm birthAmbient temperatureClimate changeDistributed delay nonlinear modelLag effect |
| spellingShingle | Qiqi Huang Xiong-Fei Pan Shijiao Yan Zhonghan Sun Yuwei Lai Yixiang Ye Jiaying Yuan Chuanzhu Lv Rixing Wang Xingyue Song Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study BMC Public Health Preterm birth Ambient temperature Climate change Distributed delay nonlinear model Lag effect |
| title | Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study |
| title_full | Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study |
| title_short | Maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in Chengdu, China, from 2017 to 2020: a cohort study |
| title_sort | maternal exposure to ambient temperature and risk of preterm birth in chengdu china from 2017 to 2020 a cohort study |
| topic | Preterm birth Ambient temperature Climate change Distributed delay nonlinear model Lag effect |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21403-5 |
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