South Pacific Oscillation contributes to multi-year ENSOs

Abstract Multi-year El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, where the warming (El Niño) or cooling (La Niña) extends beyond a single year, have become increasingly prominent in recent decades. Using observations and climate model simulations, we show that the South Pacific Oscillation (SPO) play...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xumin Li, Jin-Yi Yu, Ruiqiang Ding, Xiaofeng Xu, Kai Ji, Tao Wen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01130-9
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