Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing
Three high–intermetallic volume Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys were designed using CALPHAD modeling with the goal of identifying high–specific strength, oxidation-resistant alloys that can be additively manufactured using powder bed fusion. The silicides Nb5Si3 and Nb9Si2Cr3 were targeted as the primary stren...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752500036X |
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| author | Alice Perrin Patxi Fernandez-Zelaia Chris Ledford Yan-Ru Lin Ellen Berry Ryan Dehoff Michael Kirka Ying Yang |
| author_facet | Alice Perrin Patxi Fernandez-Zelaia Chris Ledford Yan-Ru Lin Ellen Berry Ryan Dehoff Michael Kirka Ying Yang |
| author_sort | Alice Perrin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Three high–intermetallic volume Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys were designed using CALPHAD modeling with the goal of identifying high–specific strength, oxidation-resistant alloys that can be additively manufactured using powder bed fusion. The silicides Nb5Si3 and Nb9Si2Cr3 were targeted as the primary strengthening phases, and the addition of Cr promoted the NbCr2 phase. These alloys were cast and surface-processed with electron beam welding at different speeds to simulate additive manufacturing, and the phases and microstructures of both cast and welded regions were characterized. The weld processing was found to produce fine-grained microstructures in each alloy with fine-scale intermetallics uniformly distributed among a body-centered cubic Nb matrix. Microstructural refinement and hardness were found to increase with weld velocity; one alloy reached its highest hardness of approximately 16 GPa before the brittleness at higher velocities became detrimental. One alloy was found to be qualitatively the least brittle while also attaining a hardness of 13 GPa and was therefore identified as a good candidate for additive manufacturing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eea26138cfc9467fbc25479b2038ff91 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj-art-eea26138cfc9467fbc25479b2038ff912025-02-09T04:59:38ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752025-03-01251113616Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturingAlice Perrin0Patxi Fernandez-Zelaia1Chris Ledford2Yan-Ru Lin3Ellen Berry4Ryan Dehoff5Michael Kirka6Ying Yang7Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; Corresponding author.Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37380, USAManufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37380, USAMaterials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USADepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAManufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37380, USAManufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37380, USAMaterials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USAThree high–intermetallic volume Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys were designed using CALPHAD modeling with the goal of identifying high–specific strength, oxidation-resistant alloys that can be additively manufactured using powder bed fusion. The silicides Nb5Si3 and Nb9Si2Cr3 were targeted as the primary strengthening phases, and the addition of Cr promoted the NbCr2 phase. These alloys were cast and surface-processed with electron beam welding at different speeds to simulate additive manufacturing, and the phases and microstructures of both cast and welded regions were characterized. The weld processing was found to produce fine-grained microstructures in each alloy with fine-scale intermetallics uniformly distributed among a body-centered cubic Nb matrix. Microstructural refinement and hardness were found to increase with weld velocity; one alloy reached its highest hardness of approximately 16 GPa before the brittleness at higher velocities became detrimental. One alloy was found to be qualitatively the least brittle while also attaining a hardness of 13 GPa and was therefore identified as a good candidate for additive manufacturing.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752500036XCALPHADNiobiumSilicidesIntermetallicsRefractoryAlloy design |
| spellingShingle | Alice Perrin Patxi Fernandez-Zelaia Chris Ledford Yan-Ru Lin Ellen Berry Ryan Dehoff Michael Kirka Ying Yang Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing Materials & Design CALPHAD Niobium Silicides Intermetallics Refractory Alloy design |
| title | Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing |
| title_full | Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing |
| title_fullStr | Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing |
| title_short | Design of Silicide-Strengthened Nb–Si–Cr–(Mo) alloys for additive manufacturing |
| title_sort | design of silicide strengthened nb si cr mo alloys for additive manufacturing |
| topic | CALPHAD Niobium Silicides Intermetallics Refractory Alloy design |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026412752500036X |
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