Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns
Purpose. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the ocular tear film. Methods. Thirty healthy young male cigarette smokers (20–38 years old) and 30 healthy age matched nonsmokers were enrolled in the study. McMonnies questionnaire, slit lamp, and PRT test were used to screen the subjects....
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2016-01-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8154315 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832558903518298112 |
|---|---|
| author | Ali M. Masmali Adil Al-Shehri Saud A. Alanazi Ali Abusharaha Raied Fagehi Gamal A. El-Hiti |
| author_facet | Ali M. Masmali Adil Al-Shehri Saud A. Alanazi Ali Abusharaha Raied Fagehi Gamal A. El-Hiti |
| author_sort | Ali M. Masmali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the ocular tear film. Methods. Thirty healthy young male cigarette smokers (20–38 years old) and 30 healthy age matched nonsmokers were enrolled in the study. McMonnies questionnaire, slit lamp, and PRT test were used to screen the subjects. Tear samples were collected from the right eyes and tear ferning patterns were observed and graded. Results. The mean MacMonnies scores and TF grades were significantly higher in the smoker subjects (mean ± SD = 9.83±5.22 and 0.96±0.54, resp.) compared to nonsmokers (mean ± SD = 5.96±3.06 and 0.41±0.38, resp.). The mean values obtained from PRT and TBUT tests were 22.23±6.35 mm and 12.17±3.81 s for smokers and 22.16±5.63 mm and 14.13±2.62 s for nonsmokers, respectively. Strong correlations were found between MacMonnies scores and both PRT (r=0.596) and TF (r=0.516). There was statistically significant difference in TF grades (p=0.00), TBUT (p=0.036) and McMonnies (p=0.02) between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion. Cigarette smoking could have a significant effect on the tear film quality of the eye. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e9ba61ac9c9d4b8c9f3529e01fb23630 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-004X 2090-0058 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e9ba61ac9c9d4b8c9f3529e01fb236302025-02-03T01:31:24ZengWileyJournal of Ophthalmology2090-004X2090-00582016-01-01201610.1155/2016/81543158154315Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning PatternsAli M. Masmali0Adil Al-Shehri1Saud A. Alanazi2Ali Abusharaha3Raied Fagehi4Gamal A. El-Hiti5Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi ArabiaCornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi ArabiaCornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi ArabiaCornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi ArabiaCornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi ArabiaCornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi ArabiaPurpose. To investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the ocular tear film. Methods. Thirty healthy young male cigarette smokers (20–38 years old) and 30 healthy age matched nonsmokers were enrolled in the study. McMonnies questionnaire, slit lamp, and PRT test were used to screen the subjects. Tear samples were collected from the right eyes and tear ferning patterns were observed and graded. Results. The mean MacMonnies scores and TF grades were significantly higher in the smoker subjects (mean ± SD = 9.83±5.22 and 0.96±0.54, resp.) compared to nonsmokers (mean ± SD = 5.96±3.06 and 0.41±0.38, resp.). The mean values obtained from PRT and TBUT tests were 22.23±6.35 mm and 12.17±3.81 s for smokers and 22.16±5.63 mm and 14.13±2.62 s for nonsmokers, respectively. Strong correlations were found between MacMonnies scores and both PRT (r=0.596) and TF (r=0.516). There was statistically significant difference in TF grades (p=0.00), TBUT (p=0.036) and McMonnies (p=0.02) between smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion. Cigarette smoking could have a significant effect on the tear film quality of the eye.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8154315 |
| spellingShingle | Ali M. Masmali Adil Al-Shehri Saud A. Alanazi Ali Abusharaha Raied Fagehi Gamal A. El-Hiti Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns Journal of Ophthalmology |
| title | Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns |
| title_full | Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns |
| title_short | Assessment of Tear Film Quality among Smokers Using Tear Ferning Patterns |
| title_sort | assessment of tear film quality among smokers using tear ferning patterns |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8154315 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alimmasmali assessmentoftearfilmqualityamongsmokersusingtearferningpatterns AT adilalshehri assessmentoftearfilmqualityamongsmokersusingtearferningpatterns AT saudaalanazi assessmentoftearfilmqualityamongsmokersusingtearferningpatterns AT aliabusharaha assessmentoftearfilmqualityamongsmokersusingtearferningpatterns AT raiedfagehi assessmentoftearfilmqualityamongsmokersusingtearferningpatterns AT gamalaelhiti assessmentoftearfilmqualityamongsmokersusingtearferningpatterns |