Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant
With rapid climate change, it has been increasingly difficult to grow different crops, and as an alternative method, artificial cultivation in controlled environments has evolved into a new sustainable agriculture practice. However, the cost of having a controlled environment has become a major issu...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1496790/full |
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| author | Hibiki Igarashi Takeshi Baba Kairi Takemura Takahiro Kono Hirofumi Kadono Hirofumi Kadono Jun Yamada Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan |
| author_facet | Hibiki Igarashi Takeshi Baba Kairi Takemura Takahiro Kono Hirofumi Kadono Hirofumi Kadono Jun Yamada Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan |
| author_sort | Hibiki Igarashi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With rapid climate change, it has been increasingly difficult to grow different crops, and as an alternative method, artificial cultivation in controlled environments has evolved into a new sustainable agriculture practice. However, the cost of having a controlled environment has become a major issue, and investigations have been conducted to develop cost-saving and efficient cultivation techniques. One research focus is on the utilization of stimulating appropriate photoreceptors for a certain time by far-red (FR) light to influence plant development. Here, we propose a novel laser biospeckle method, a non-destructive and real-time measurement method for the speedy evaluation of FR effects on arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plants. Laser biospeckles are formed from the interference of scattered light from the organelles within the biological tissue, and the intensity of such speckles varies due to displacements within the tissue. In the experiment, while illuminating with FR and red (R) LED light of 735 nm and 630 nm, respectively, for a duration of 120 s to 300 s, the leaves of an arugula plant were irradiated simultaneously with laser light of 852 nm to obtain biospeckles. Video clips were recorded using a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera at 15fps for 20 s. Correlations between the first and the subsequent frames were calculated to investigate the differences in the internal activity with exposure to FR and were characterized by a parameter named biospeckle activity (BA). Experiments were done with the healthiness and the age of the plant as parameters. It was found that depending on the healthiness of the plants, under short durations of 120s FR, BA and thus the internal activity within the leaves increased compared to the long duration of 300s FR. Further, a 1-month-old plant was found to have a faster decay of correlation and thus a steep increase in BA compared to that for a 3-month-old plant. Our results suggest that BA could be used as a measure to investigate the effects of FR or FR plus R in plant development within a timeframe of a few minutes, and thus can be employed as a complementary measurement technique for the speedier investigation of FR effects on plants. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e93b7602f78b4f5481e29b5fa934d945 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-e93b7602f78b4f5481e29b5fa934d9452025-08-20T02:15:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-02-011610.3389/fpls.2025.14967901496790Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plantHibiki Igarashi0Takeshi Baba1Kairi Takemura2Takahiro Kono3Hirofumi Kadono4Hirofumi Kadono5Jun Yamada6Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan7Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan8Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanShibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanTokyo Metropolitan University, Hino, JapanGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanInnovative Global Program, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanWith rapid climate change, it has been increasingly difficult to grow different crops, and as an alternative method, artificial cultivation in controlled environments has evolved into a new sustainable agriculture practice. However, the cost of having a controlled environment has become a major issue, and investigations have been conducted to develop cost-saving and efficient cultivation techniques. One research focus is on the utilization of stimulating appropriate photoreceptors for a certain time by far-red (FR) light to influence plant development. Here, we propose a novel laser biospeckle method, a non-destructive and real-time measurement method for the speedy evaluation of FR effects on arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plants. Laser biospeckles are formed from the interference of scattered light from the organelles within the biological tissue, and the intensity of such speckles varies due to displacements within the tissue. In the experiment, while illuminating with FR and red (R) LED light of 735 nm and 630 nm, respectively, for a duration of 120 s to 300 s, the leaves of an arugula plant were irradiated simultaneously with laser light of 852 nm to obtain biospeckles. Video clips were recorded using a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) camera at 15fps for 20 s. Correlations between the first and the subsequent frames were calculated to investigate the differences in the internal activity with exposure to FR and were characterized by a parameter named biospeckle activity (BA). Experiments were done with the healthiness and the age of the plant as parameters. It was found that depending on the healthiness of the plants, under short durations of 120s FR, BA and thus the internal activity within the leaves increased compared to the long duration of 300s FR. Further, a 1-month-old plant was found to have a faster decay of correlation and thus a steep increase in BA compared to that for a 3-month-old plant. Our results suggest that BA could be used as a measure to investigate the effects of FR or FR plus R in plant development within a timeframe of a few minutes, and thus can be employed as a complementary measurement technique for the speedier investigation of FR effects on plants.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1496790/fulllaserbiospeckleplant developmentphotoreceptorshort-term effectsfar-red |
| spellingShingle | Hibiki Igarashi Takeshi Baba Kairi Takemura Takahiro Kono Hirofumi Kadono Hirofumi Kadono Jun Yamada Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan Uma Maheswari Rajagopalan Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant Frontiers in Plant Science laser biospeckle plant development photoreceptor short-term effects far-red |
| title | Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant |
| title_full | Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant |
| title_fullStr | Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant |
| title_short | Laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short-term effects of far-red light on an arugula (Eruca sativa Mill) plant |
| title_sort | laser biospeckle as a method to investigate the short term effects of far red light on an arugula eruca sativa mill plant |
| topic | laser biospeckle plant development photoreceptor short-term effects far-red |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1496790/full |
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