Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial
Abstract The optimal strategy for improving cardiometabolic factors (CMFs) in young obese individuals through diet and exercise remains unclear, as do the potential mechanisms. We conducted an 8‐week randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of different interventions in youth with overweig...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70044 |
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| author | Zongyu Lin Tianze Li Fenglian Huang Miao Wu Lewei Zhu Yueqin Zhou Ying‐An Ming Zhijun Lu Wei Peng Fei Gao Yanna Zhu |
| author_facet | Zongyu Lin Tianze Li Fenglian Huang Miao Wu Lewei Zhu Yueqin Zhou Ying‐An Ming Zhijun Lu Wei Peng Fei Gao Yanna Zhu |
| author_sort | Zongyu Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The optimal strategy for improving cardiometabolic factors (CMFs) in young obese individuals through diet and exercise remains unclear, as do the potential mechanisms. We conducted an 8‐week randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of different interventions in youth with overweight/obesity. Gut microbes and serum metabolites were examined to identify regulating mechanisms. A total of 129 undergraduates were randomly assigned to fiber‐rich (FR) diet, rope‐skipping (RS), combined FR–RS and control groups. The results showed that single interventions were as effective as combined interventions in improving weight, waist circumference, body fat, and lipid profile compared with control group. Notably, the FR group further reduced low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐C) and uric acid (UA) (all p < 0.05). Mediation analysis revealed four gut microbiota–metabolite–host axes in improving CMFs. Additionally, we used machine learning algorithms to further predict individual responses based on baseline gut microbiota composition, with specific microbial genera guiding targeted intervention selection. In conclusion, FR diet and/or RS were effective in improving CMFs, with the FR diet particular effectiveness in reducing LDL‐C and UA levels. These benefits may drive by gut microbiome–metabolite–host interactions. Moreover, the predictability of gut microbiota composition supports making targeted decisions in selecting interventions. Trial Registration: NCT04834687. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e74eaa8df3c2472d9f66e38e8e6b952e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2688-2663 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | MedComm |
| spelling | doaj-art-e74eaa8df3c2472d9f66e38e8e6b952e2025-01-20T01:45:44ZengWileyMedComm2688-26632025-01-0161n/an/a10.1002/mco2.70044Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trialZongyu Lin0Tianze Li1Fenglian Huang2Miao Wu3Lewei Zhu4Yueqin Zhou5Ying‐An Ming6Zhijun Lu7Wei Peng8Fei Gao9Yanna Zhu10Department of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Physical Education Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaAgricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen ChinaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou ChinaAbstract The optimal strategy for improving cardiometabolic factors (CMFs) in young obese individuals through diet and exercise remains unclear, as do the potential mechanisms. We conducted an 8‐week randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of different interventions in youth with overweight/obesity. Gut microbes and serum metabolites were examined to identify regulating mechanisms. A total of 129 undergraduates were randomly assigned to fiber‐rich (FR) diet, rope‐skipping (RS), combined FR–RS and control groups. The results showed that single interventions were as effective as combined interventions in improving weight, waist circumference, body fat, and lipid profile compared with control group. Notably, the FR group further reduced low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐C) and uric acid (UA) (all p < 0.05). Mediation analysis revealed four gut microbiota–metabolite–host axes in improving CMFs. Additionally, we used machine learning algorithms to further predict individual responses based on baseline gut microbiota composition, with specific microbial genera guiding targeted intervention selection. In conclusion, FR diet and/or RS were effective in improving CMFs, with the FR diet particular effectiveness in reducing LDL‐C and UA levels. These benefits may drive by gut microbiome–metabolite–host interactions. Moreover, the predictability of gut microbiota composition supports making targeted decisions in selecting interventions. Trial Registration: NCT04834687.https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70044aerobic exercisecardiometabolic factorsfiber‐rich dietgut microbiotapredictionyoung adults |
| spellingShingle | Zongyu Lin Tianze Li Fenglian Huang Miao Wu Lewei Zhu Yueqin Zhou Ying‐An Ming Zhijun Lu Wei Peng Fei Gao Yanna Zhu Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial MedComm aerobic exercise cardiometabolic factors fiber‐rich diet gut microbiota prediction young adults |
| title | Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight/obesity: multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction, a randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | comparison of diet and exercise on cardiometabolic factors in young adults with overweight obesity multiomics analysis and gut microbiota prediction a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | aerobic exercise cardiometabolic factors fiber‐rich diet gut microbiota prediction young adults |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70044 |
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