How to measure the motivations of sports volunteers in Poland? First stage of the study with the Polish adaptation and validation of the VMS-ISE
Abstract Background The study aimed to adapt to Polish conditions and validate the seven-factor Volunteer Motivation Scale for International Sporting Events (VMS-ISE) as one of the tools used to measure volunteer motivation at international sports events. Methods The study used a diagnostic survey m...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01201-7 |
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