Dual-Layer Energy Management Strategy for a Hybrid Energy Storage System to Enhance PHEV Performance

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) typically employ batteries with relatively small capacities due to constraints on chassis space and vehicle cost. Consequently, under conditions such as acceleration and hill climbing, these vehicles often experience high-current battery discharges, which can...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Haobin Jiang, Yang Zhao, Shidian Ma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1667
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