The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionSmoking and the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are common practices that have significant consequences for oral health. Although the negative impact of traditional tobacco products on oral tissues is widely known, the emergence of e-cigs poses a new obstacle. This review summarise...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Abedelmalek Kalefh Tabnjh, Sara Alizadehgharib, Guglielmo Campus, Peter Lingström
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Oral Health
Subjects:
dental caries
e-cigarettes
electronic smoking
proinflammatory markers
vaping
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2025.1569806/full
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