Effect of scaling on levels of interleukin 1-beta and clinical periodontal parameters among e-cigarette users and non-smokers: A prospective study

Effect of scaling on levels of interleukin 1-beta and clinical periodontal parameters among e-cigarette users and non-smokers: A prospective study

Introduction This cohort study aimed to compare the effect of ultrasonic scaling on the expression of IL-1β in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among ENDS users and non-smokers (NS) with gingivitis. Methods Self-reported current electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) users and NS with genera...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Alaa B. Alkhalifah, Nehad T. Alfuraih, Bobby Joseph, Jagan K. Baskaradoss
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: European Publishing 2024-07-01
Series:Tobacco Induced Diseases
Subjects:
cigarette
electronic
gingivitis
interleukins
vaping
Online Access:https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Effect-of-scaling-on-levels-of-interleukin-1-beta-and-clinical-periodontal-parameters,189552,0,2.html
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https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Effect-of-scaling-on-levels-of-interleukin-1-beta-and-clinical-periodontal-parameters,189552,0,2.html

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