The Essential Oil from the Roots of <i>Valeriana rigida</i> Ruiz & Pav. Growing in the Paramos of Chimborazo (Ecuador): Chemical Analysis, Enantioselective Profile, and Preliminary Biological Activity

The Essential Oil from the Roots of <i>Valeriana rigida</i> Ruiz & Pav. Growing in the Paramos of Chimborazo (Ecuador): Chemical Analysis, Enantioselective Profile, and Preliminary Biological Activity

The essential oil (EO) obtained from the roots of <i>Valeriana rigida</i> Ruiz & Pav. (Caprifoliaceae), collected in the moorland region of Chimborazo Province, Ecuador, was analyzed for the first time. The chemical profile was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using GC-MS an...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Linda M. Flores, Diego R. Vinueza, Gianluca Gilardoni, Antonio J. Mota, Omar Malagón
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Plants
Subjects:
<i>Valeriana rigida</i>
essential oil
enantiomers
chiral separation
neutrophils
anti-inflammatory activity
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/7/1062
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Summary:The essential oil (EO) obtained from the roots of <i>Valeriana rigida</i> Ruiz & Pav. (Caprifoliaceae), collected in the moorland region of Chimborazo Province, Ecuador, was analyzed for the first time. The chemical profile was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using GC-MS and GC-FID, respectively. With both detectors, two stationary phases of different polarities were used. A total of 56 compounds were identified, and the most abundant components (>3% on at least one column) were a mixture of cyclosativene and α-ylangene (4.5–4.4%), α-copaene (9.0–8.8%), decanoic acid (16.0–15.6%), β-chamigrene (3.2–3.1%), δ-cadinene (9.7–9.5%), dodecanoic acid (13.4–12.3%), and 7-<i>epi</i>-α-eudesmol (5.0–4.9%), on a non-polar and polar stationary phase, respectively. Additionally, the enantioselective analysis showed (1<i>S</i>,5<i>S</i>)-(+)-α-pinene, (1<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)-(–)-camphene, (1<i>S</i>,5<i>S</i>)-(−)-β-pinene, and (1<i>R</i>,2<i>S</i>,6<i>S</i>,7<i>S</i>,8<i>S</i>)-(–)-α-copaene as enantiomerically pure compounds, whereas germacrene D exhibited both enantiomeric forms. The anti-inflammatory activity of <i>V. rigida</i> EO was comparable to that of aspirin, as indicated by the IC50 values, with no significant differences observed.
ISSN:2223-7747

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