Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Mpox is a viral zoonotic disease that has seen a resurgence in recent years, with outbreaks reaching beyond its traditional endemic zones in Central and West Africa to parts of Europe and North America. The relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and mpo...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10512-6 |
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| author | Muhammed Shabil Shilpa Gaidhane R. Roopashree Mandeep Kaur Manish Srivastava Amit Barwal G. V. Siva Prasad Pranchal Rajput Rukshar Syed Anoop Dev Danish Kundra Ambanna Yappalparvi Prakasini Satapathy Quazi Syed Zahiruddin Harish Kumar Renu Sah Ganesh Bushi |
| author_facet | Muhammed Shabil Shilpa Gaidhane R. Roopashree Mandeep Kaur Manish Srivastava Amit Barwal G. V. Siva Prasad Pranchal Rajput Rukshar Syed Anoop Dev Danish Kundra Ambanna Yappalparvi Prakasini Satapathy Quazi Syed Zahiruddin Harish Kumar Renu Sah Ganesh Bushi |
| author_sort | Muhammed Shabil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mpox is a viral zoonotic disease that has seen a resurgence in recent years, with outbreaks reaching beyond its traditional endemic zones in Central and West Africa to parts of Europe and North America. The relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and mpox outcomes, particularly hospitalization rates, remains underexplored despite the known immunosuppressive effects of HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between HIV infection and the likelihood of hospitalization in mpox cases. Methods A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library up until August 10, 2024. The eligibility criteria focused on observational studies that evaluated hospitalization rates among mpox cases, distinguishing between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for evaluating study quality. The meta-analysis used a random-effects model to accommodate expected study heterogeneity using R software (V. 4.4). Results The search yielded 686 records, with 14 studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria after screenings and full-text assessments. The pooled analysis revealed a 56.6% increased risk of hospitalization among HIV-positive mpox cases compared to HIV-negative individuals (95% CI: 18.0–107.7%). Notable heterogeneity (I² = 76%) was observed, likely reflecting variations in study settings and methodologies. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings, and no significant publication bias was detected (Egger’s test p-value = 0.733). Conclusion HIV infection is associated with a statistically significant increased risk of hospitalization in mpox cases. There is a critical need for integrated care and enhanced surveillance, especially in populations with high HIV prevalence. Our findings emphasize the importance of ongoing research to better understand HIV and mpox co-infection and to refine management strategies for this vulnerable group. Future studies should focus on long-term outcomes and the effectiveness of various management strategies across different healthcare settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e248b87a5e874e938f2bc315f4a54909 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-e248b87a5e874e938f2bc315f4a549092025-01-26T12:17:10ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-01-0125111010.1186/s12879-025-10512-6Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysisMuhammed Shabil0Shilpa Gaidhane1R. Roopashree2Mandeep Kaur3Manish Srivastava4Amit Barwal5G. V. Siva Prasad6Pranchal Rajput7Rukshar Syed8Anoop Dev9Danish Kundra10Ambanna Yappalparvi11Prakasini Satapathy12Quazi Syed Zahiruddin13Harish Kumar14Renu Sah15Ganesh Bushi16University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh UniversityOne Health Centre (COHERD), Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher EducationDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University)Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, NIMS UniversityChandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of CollegeDepartment of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering CollegeSchool of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal UniversityIES Institute of Pharmacy, IES UniversityCentre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara UniversityChitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara UniversityNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute)Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha UniversitySouth Asia Infant Feeding Research Network (SAIFRN), Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher EducationNew Delhi Institute of Management, Tughlakabad Institutional AreaSR Sanjeevani HospitalSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional UniversityAbstract Background Mpox is a viral zoonotic disease that has seen a resurgence in recent years, with outbreaks reaching beyond its traditional endemic zones in Central and West Africa to parts of Europe and North America. The relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and mpox outcomes, particularly hospitalization rates, remains underexplored despite the known immunosuppressive effects of HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between HIV infection and the likelihood of hospitalization in mpox cases. Methods A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library up until August 10, 2024. The eligibility criteria focused on observational studies that evaluated hospitalization rates among mpox cases, distinguishing between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for evaluating study quality. The meta-analysis used a random-effects model to accommodate expected study heterogeneity using R software (V. 4.4). Results The search yielded 686 records, with 14 studies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria after screenings and full-text assessments. The pooled analysis revealed a 56.6% increased risk of hospitalization among HIV-positive mpox cases compared to HIV-negative individuals (95% CI: 18.0–107.7%). Notable heterogeneity (I² = 76%) was observed, likely reflecting variations in study settings and methodologies. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of these findings, and no significant publication bias was detected (Egger’s test p-value = 0.733). Conclusion HIV infection is associated with a statistically significant increased risk of hospitalization in mpox cases. There is a critical need for integrated care and enhanced surveillance, especially in populations with high HIV prevalence. Our findings emphasize the importance of ongoing research to better understand HIV and mpox co-infection and to refine management strategies for this vulnerable group. Future studies should focus on long-term outcomes and the effectiveness of various management strategies across different healthcare settings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10512-6MpoxMonkeypoxHuman immunodeficiency virusHIVHospitalizationMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Muhammed Shabil Shilpa Gaidhane R. Roopashree Mandeep Kaur Manish Srivastava Amit Barwal G. V. Siva Prasad Pranchal Rajput Rukshar Syed Anoop Dev Danish Kundra Ambanna Yappalparvi Prakasini Satapathy Quazi Syed Zahiruddin Harish Kumar Renu Sah Ganesh Bushi Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Infectious Diseases Mpox Monkeypox Human immunodeficiency virus HIV Hospitalization Meta-analysis |
| title | Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Association of HIV infection and hospitalization among mpox cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | association of hiv infection and hospitalization among mpox cases a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Mpox Monkeypox Human immunodeficiency virus HIV Hospitalization Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10512-6 |
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