Lifestyle Issues: What Do I Tell My Patients? Smoking and Diet
During the past decade, smoking has been recognized as a risk factor in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Smoking is associated with Crohn's disease, and nonsmoking with ulcerative colitis. The biological rationale behind these findings is not known. Because of the negative effects of smoking,...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
1990-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1990/957435 |
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| Summary: | During the past decade, smoking has been recognized as a risk
factor in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Smoking is associated with Crohn's
disease, and nonsmoking with ulcerative colitis. The biological rationale behind
these findings is not known. Because of the negative effects of smoking, advice
to patients with IBD cannot differ from advice given to any patient. In families
with IBD, young healthy members should be advised never to start smoking. In
Crohn's disease, a fat-reduced diet will be necessary when bile salt metabolism is
disturbed. Prospective trials with unrefined carbohydrate fibre-rich diets or
low-residue diets versus normal diets show no difference in the clinical course of
Crohn's disease. Thus the patient should have a well balanced diet with unrestricted
fibre intake, supplemented in case of malabsorption with vitamins and
minerals. Diet counselling itself has proved beneficial, probably because of
optimization of nutritional status. In ulcerative colitis, patients may be lactose
intolerant without lactase deficiency. Low dietary fibre intake doses does not
seem to be of importance. The ulcerative colitis patient should be advised to eat
a normal to high fibre diet. Recent studies have suggested a possible beneficial
effect of dietary supplementation with fish oil. |
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| ISSN: | 0835-7900 |