Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy
Conventional NSM methods require a significant amount of epoxy to achieve the desired bond strength, leading to substantial material costs and carbon emissions. Anchorages offer an opportunity to fully develop the tensile strength of NSM FRPs and reduce epoxy consumption. However, there is a lack of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525000956 |
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| author | Wei Sun Handong Yan Jianli Yin Xinan Zhu Tiejiong Lou Haifeng Li |
| author_facet | Wei Sun Handong Yan Jianli Yin Xinan Zhu Tiejiong Lou Haifeng Li |
| author_sort | Wei Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conventional NSM methods require a significant amount of epoxy to achieve the desired bond strength, leading to substantial material costs and carbon emissions. Anchorages offer an opportunity to fully develop the tensile strength of NSM FRPs and reduce epoxy consumption. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies to guide the application of this promising technology. Unlike conventional pull-off tests, a series of bending experiments were carried out to investigate the direct impacts of groove arrangement, bond condition, anchorage, and FRP cross-sectional area on the failure modes and load capacities of flexural elements. The findings were then utilized to calibrate numerical models, which could be directly integrated into equilibrium equations to predict the load-deflection responses for the concrete elements strengthened with NSM methods. FRP models were developed to capture the softening behavior caused by slip. Cracking models that incorporated the tensile contributions of filler material and cracked concrete was proposed to describe the post-cracking behavior. Failure modes such as FRP debonding and rupture related to specific FRP arrangements were employed to determine the ultimate load capacities. The outcomes indicate that anchored NSM methods improve FRP utilization and flexural strength in comparison to traditional NSM techniques, while also reducing epoxy consumption. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-df3fc35570b24c15b547388f5924519a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-5095 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Construction Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-df3fc35570b24c15b547388f5924519a2025-01-27T04:21:58ZengElsevierCase Studies in Construction Materials2214-50952025-07-0122e04296Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxyWei Sun0Handong Yan1Jianli Yin2Xinan Zhu3Tiejiong Lou4Haifeng Li5College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Higher-educational Engineering Research Centre for Intelligence and Automation in Construction of Fujian Province, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory for Intelligent Infrastructure and Monitoring of Fujian Province, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Corresponding author at: College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Higher-educational Engineering Research Centre for Intelligence and Automation in Construction of Fujian Province, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Key Laboratory for Intelligent Infrastructure and Monitoring of Fujian Province, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaKZJ New Materials Group Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361101, ChinaShandong Province Big Data Center, Jinan, Shandong 250000, ChinaCEMMPRE, ARISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-788, PortugalCollege of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, ChinaConventional NSM methods require a significant amount of epoxy to achieve the desired bond strength, leading to substantial material costs and carbon emissions. Anchorages offer an opportunity to fully develop the tensile strength of NSM FRPs and reduce epoxy consumption. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies to guide the application of this promising technology. Unlike conventional pull-off tests, a series of bending experiments were carried out to investigate the direct impacts of groove arrangement, bond condition, anchorage, and FRP cross-sectional area on the failure modes and load capacities of flexural elements. The findings were then utilized to calibrate numerical models, which could be directly integrated into equilibrium equations to predict the load-deflection responses for the concrete elements strengthened with NSM methods. FRP models were developed to capture the softening behavior caused by slip. Cracking models that incorporated the tensile contributions of filler material and cracked concrete was proposed to describe the post-cracking behavior. Failure modes such as FRP debonding and rupture related to specific FRP arrangements were employed to determine the ultimate load capacities. The outcomes indicate that anchored NSM methods improve FRP utilization and flexural strength in comparison to traditional NSM techniques, while also reducing epoxy consumption.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525000956Minimal epoxyAnchorageBending experimentsNumerical modelsOptimizing NSM |
| spellingShingle | Wei Sun Handong Yan Jianli Yin Xinan Zhu Tiejiong Lou Haifeng Li Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy Case Studies in Construction Materials Minimal epoxy Anchorage Bending experiments Numerical models Optimizing NSM |
| title | Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy |
| title_full | Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy |
| title_fullStr | Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy |
| title_short | Exploration of novel NSM methods to achieve stronger FRPs with minimal epoxy |
| title_sort | exploration of novel nsm methods to achieve stronger frps with minimal epoxy |
| topic | Minimal epoxy Anchorage Bending experiments Numerical models Optimizing NSM |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214509525000956 |
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