Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases

Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the production of a substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cellular and organ damage. This imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity contributes to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegener...

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Main Authors: Guangqi Guan, Yaoxing Chen, Yulan Dong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Antioxidants
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/70
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author Guangqi Guan
Yaoxing Chen
Yulan Dong
author_facet Guangqi Guan
Yaoxing Chen
Yulan Dong
author_sort Guangqi Guan
collection DOAJ
description Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the production of a substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cellular and organ damage. This imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity contributes to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative conditions. The body’s antioxidant system, mediated by various signaling pathways, includes the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway. In oxidative stress conditions, AMPK, an energy sensor, activates SIRT1, which in turn stimulates the FOXO transcription factor. This cascade enhances mitochondrial function, reduces mitochondrial damage, and mitigates OS-induced cellular injury. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological roles, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway in diseases influenced by OS, offering new insights and methods for understanding OS pathogenesis and its therapeutic approaches.
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series Antioxidants
spelling doaj-art-dcf3dac8f8b7468194ea5a23e9e6221a2025-01-24T13:19:23ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-01-011417010.3390/antiox14010070Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced DiseasesGuangqi Guan0Yaoxing Chen1Yulan Dong2College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing 100193, ChinaOxidative stress (OS) refers to the production of a substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cellular and organ damage. This imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity contributes to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative conditions. The body’s antioxidant system, mediated by various signaling pathways, includes the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway. In oxidative stress conditions, AMPK, an energy sensor, activates SIRT1, which in turn stimulates the FOXO transcription factor. This cascade enhances mitochondrial function, reduces mitochondrial damage, and mitigates OS-induced cellular injury. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological roles, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway in diseases influenced by OS, offering new insights and methods for understanding OS pathogenesis and its therapeutic approaches.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/70AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathwayoxidative stressreactive oxygen speciesantioxidant mechanism
spellingShingle Guangqi Guan
Yaoxing Chen
Yulan Dong
Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
Antioxidants
AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway
oxidative stress
reactive oxygen species
antioxidant mechanism
title Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
title_full Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
title_fullStr Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
title_full_unstemmed Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
title_short Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases
title_sort unraveling the ampk sirt1 foxo pathway the in depth analysis and breakthrough prospects of oxidative stress induced diseases
topic AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway
oxidative stress
reactive oxygen species
antioxidant mechanism
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/70
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