Impact of bonding protocols and physical-mechanical properties of composite on durability and failure rate of fixed orthodontic retainers: a systematic review of laboratory studies

Abstract Background Adhesive failure is the most common complication in fixed orthodontic retention. Understanding the mechanical properties of composites used in bonding fixed retainers and finding proper bonding protocols are essential to achieve proper durability of the adhesive interface and the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maciej Jedliński, Marta Mazur, Claudia Salerno, Katarzyna Grocholewicz, Joanna Janiszewska-Olszowska
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06635-6
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