Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes
The increasing incidence of organophosphate (OP) pesticide poisoning and the use of OP chemical warfare agents (CWA) in conflicts and terrorist acts need sustainable methods for sensing, decontamination, and detoxification of OP compounds. Enzymes can serve as specific, cost-effective biosensors for...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/1/12 |
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| author | Giuseppe Manco Eros A. Lampitella Nagendra S. K. Achanta Giuliana Catara Maria Marone Elena Porzio |
| author_facet | Giuseppe Manco Eros A. Lampitella Nagendra S. K. Achanta Giuliana Catara Maria Marone Elena Porzio |
| author_sort | Giuseppe Manco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing incidence of organophosphate (OP) pesticide poisoning and the use of OP chemical warfare agents (CWA) in conflicts and terrorist acts need sustainable methods for sensing, decontamination, and detoxification of OP compounds. Enzymes can serve as specific, cost-effective biosensors for OPs. We will report on recent advancements in the use of carboxylesterases from the Hormone-Sensitive Lipase for the detection of OP compounds. In addition, enzymatic-based OP detoxification and decontamination offer long-term, environmentally friendly benefits compared to conventional methods such as chemical treatment, incineration, neutralization, and volatilization. Enzymatic detoxification has gained attention as an alternative to traditional OP-detoxification methods. This review provides an overview of the latest research on enzymatic sensing and detoxification of OPs, by exploiting enzymes, isolated from thermophilic/extremophilic Bacteria and Archaea that show exceptional thermal stability and stability in other harsh conditions. Finally, we will make examples of integration between sensing and decontamination systems, including protein engineering to enhance OP-degrading activities and detailed characterization of the best variants. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-da4195f5610e47a98fc4589f2ab4a9c4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-da4195f5610e47a98fc4589f2ab4a9c42025-01-24T13:26:53ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402025-01-011311210.3390/chemosensors13010012Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving EnzymesGiuseppe Manco0Eros A. Lampitella1Nagendra S. K. Achanta2Giuliana Catara3Maria Marone4Elena Porzio5Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR, 80131 Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR, 80131 Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR, 80131 Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR, 80131 Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR, 80131 Naples, ItalyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CNR, 80131 Naples, ItalyThe increasing incidence of organophosphate (OP) pesticide poisoning and the use of OP chemical warfare agents (CWA) in conflicts and terrorist acts need sustainable methods for sensing, decontamination, and detoxification of OP compounds. Enzymes can serve as specific, cost-effective biosensors for OPs. We will report on recent advancements in the use of carboxylesterases from the Hormone-Sensitive Lipase for the detection of OP compounds. In addition, enzymatic-based OP detoxification and decontamination offer long-term, environmentally friendly benefits compared to conventional methods such as chemical treatment, incineration, neutralization, and volatilization. Enzymatic detoxification has gained attention as an alternative to traditional OP-detoxification methods. This review provides an overview of the latest research on enzymatic sensing and detoxification of OPs, by exploiting enzymes, isolated from thermophilic/extremophilic Bacteria and Archaea that show exceptional thermal stability and stability in other harsh conditions. Finally, we will make examples of integration between sensing and decontamination systems, including protein engineering to enhance OP-degrading activities and detailed characterization of the best variants.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/1/12organophosphate pesticideschemical warfare agentsbiosensorthermostable enzymeesterasesPhosphotriesterase-like Lactonases |
| spellingShingle | Giuseppe Manco Eros A. Lampitella Nagendra S. K. Achanta Giuliana Catara Maria Marone Elena Porzio Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes Chemosensors organophosphate pesticides chemical warfare agents biosensor thermostable enzyme esterases Phosphotriesterase-like Lactonases |
| title | Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes |
| title_full | Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes |
| title_fullStr | Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes |
| title_short | Sensing and Degradation of Organophosphorus Compounds by Exploitation of Heat-Loving Enzymes |
| title_sort | sensing and degradation of organophosphorus compounds by exploitation of heat loving enzymes |
| topic | organophosphate pesticides chemical warfare agents biosensor thermostable enzyme esterases Phosphotriesterase-like Lactonases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/1/12 |
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