Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets
Low melting alloys containing heavy rare earth element Tb have been widely used for grain boundary diffusion (GBD) to increase the coercivity (Hcj) of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets. The addition of Pr has been demonstrated to further enhance the coercivity for Tb-diffused magnets. With chemical propertie...
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2025-03-01
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| author | Zixiang Mo Qingzheng Jiang Mengping Kan Jianming Li Hang Wang |
| author_facet | Zixiang Mo Qingzheng Jiang Mengping Kan Jianming Li Hang Wang |
| author_sort | Zixiang Mo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low melting alloys containing heavy rare earth element Tb have been widely used for grain boundary diffusion (GBD) to increase the coercivity (Hcj) of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets. The addition of Pr has been demonstrated to further enhance the coercivity for Tb-diffused magnets. With chemical properties similar to Pr, Nd can also substitute for Tb, contributing to a further reduction in heavy rare earth content in diffusion sources. However, the differences between Pr and Nd in influencing Tb diffusion behavior have not been fully explored. This paper systematically compared the magnetic properties and microstructure of TbxNd70-xAl20Cu10 (x = 10, 30, 50, 70, at%) and TbxPr70-xAl20Cu10 (x = 10, 30, 50, 70, at%) diffused magnets, with a focusing on the effects of Pr and Nd substitution on Tb diffusion depth, diffusion coefficient, and Tb content in the shell layer. After diffusion with Tb30Nd40Al20Cu10, the coercivity increased significantly from 15.87 kOe to 24.86 kOe, with a coercivity temperature coefficient of −0.491 %/°C at the range of 20–150 °C. Compared with TbxPr70-xAl20Cu10 diffused magnets, Tb shows greater diffusion depth and diffusion coefficient, along with a thick Tb-rich shell around the main phase grains in TbxNd70-xAl20Cu10 diffused magnet. However, for diffusion sources with low Tb content, Tb-Pr-Cu-Al diffused magnets exhibited superior coercivity due to the high Pr content in the main phase grains and the formation of continuous thin grain boundary layer. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| spelling | doaj-art-d6da674836974169b23e1a27d11dbed62025-01-26T05:03:56ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-03-013518651874Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnetsZixiang Mo0Qingzheng Jiang1Mengping Kan2Jianming Li3Hang Wang4Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; Guorui Kechuang Rare Earth Functional Materials (Ganzhou) Co., Ltd, National Rare Earth Functional Materials Innovation Center, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; Zhejiang Innuovo Magnetics Co., Ltd, Jinhua 321000, PR China; Corresponding author. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; Guorui Kechuang Rare Earth Functional Materials (Ganzhou) Co., Ltd, National Rare Earth Functional Materials Innovation Center, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China; Corresponding author. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetic Metallic Materials and Devices & College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, PR China.Low melting alloys containing heavy rare earth element Tb have been widely used for grain boundary diffusion (GBD) to increase the coercivity (Hcj) of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets. The addition of Pr has been demonstrated to further enhance the coercivity for Tb-diffused magnets. With chemical properties similar to Pr, Nd can also substitute for Tb, contributing to a further reduction in heavy rare earth content in diffusion sources. However, the differences between Pr and Nd in influencing Tb diffusion behavior have not been fully explored. This paper systematically compared the magnetic properties and microstructure of TbxNd70-xAl20Cu10 (x = 10, 30, 50, 70, at%) and TbxPr70-xAl20Cu10 (x = 10, 30, 50, 70, at%) diffused magnets, with a focusing on the effects of Pr and Nd substitution on Tb diffusion depth, diffusion coefficient, and Tb content in the shell layer. After diffusion with Tb30Nd40Al20Cu10, the coercivity increased significantly from 15.87 kOe to 24.86 kOe, with a coercivity temperature coefficient of −0.491 %/°C at the range of 20–150 °C. Compared with TbxPr70-xAl20Cu10 diffused magnets, Tb shows greater diffusion depth and diffusion coefficient, along with a thick Tb-rich shell around the main phase grains in TbxNd70-xAl20Cu10 diffused magnet. However, for diffusion sources with low Tb content, Tb-Pr-Cu-Al diffused magnets exhibited superior coercivity due to the high Pr content in the main phase grains and the formation of continuous thin grain boundary layer.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001383Grain boundary diffusionTb diffusion behaviorMicrostructureNd-Fe-B magnets |
| spellingShingle | Zixiang Mo Qingzheng Jiang Mengping Kan Jianming Li Hang Wang Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets Journal of Materials Research and Technology Grain boundary diffusion Tb diffusion behavior Microstructure Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| title | Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| title_full | Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| title_short | Comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of Tb-Pr-Cu-Al and Tb-Nd-Cu-Al grain boundary diffused Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| title_sort | comparison of microstructures and magnetic properties of tb pr cu al and tb nd cu al grain boundary diffused nd fe b magnets |
| topic | Grain boundary diffusion Tb diffusion behavior Microstructure Nd-Fe-B magnets |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425001383 |
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