Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population
Background/Objectives: This study aimed to address limitations of the pilot reliability study on the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire (SMD-Q) in two parts. Part 1 evaluated the intra-rater reliability of SMD-Q version 2 (V2). Part 2 addressed V2’s limitations before assessing the intra-rater...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Brain Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/1/67 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832588937081651200 |
|---|---|
| author | Ushani Ambalavanar Heidi Haavik Nitika Kumari Imran Amjad Nooshin Khobzi Rotondi Bernadette Ann Murphy |
| author_facet | Ushani Ambalavanar Heidi Haavik Nitika Kumari Imran Amjad Nooshin Khobzi Rotondi Bernadette Ann Murphy |
| author_sort | Ushani Ambalavanar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Objectives: This study aimed to address limitations of the pilot reliability study on the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire (SMD-Q) in two parts. Part 1 evaluated the intra-rater reliability of SMD-Q version 2 (V2). Part 2 addressed V2’s limitations before assessing the intra-rater reliability of version 3 (V3). V2 framed questions as “over the past week”, whereas V3 also framed questions as “in a typical/usual week”. Methods: The SMD-Q was administered via Qualtrics<sup>TM</sup> at baseline and 4 to 7 days later to subclinical neck pain participants, 51 in part 1 (32 F; mean age ± SD: 21.17 ± 2.66 y) and 27 in part 2 (20 F; mean age ± SD: 21.89 ± 2.81 y). Reliability statistics (quadratic weighted kappa (K<sub>w</sub>) and Cronbach’s alpha (α)) were calculated for all items (V2) and total scores (V2 and V3). Results: There was excellent agreement for V2 total scores (K<sub>w</sub> ≥ 0.75), and V3 total scores for “in a typical/usual week” (K<sub>w</sub> ≥ 0.75), but fair to good agreement for V3 total scores of “over the past week” (0.40 < K<sub>w</sub> < 0.75). V2 had acceptable (0.7 ≤ α < 0.8) to good internal consistency (0.8 ≤ α < 0.9), while V3 had good internal consistency for both administrations. Conclusions: Versions 2 and 3 of the SMD-Q appear to reliably capture disordered sensorimotor integration in people with subclinical neck pain, with improved reliability in V3 when questions are framed as “in a typical/usual week”. However, further research is needed to confirm this finding. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d5a41f8a66934101bcb3e0486d3eed6a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-d5a41f8a66934101bcb3e0486d3eed6a2025-01-24T13:25:52ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252025-01-011516710.3390/brainsci15010067Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain PopulationUshani Ambalavanar0Heidi Haavik1Nitika Kumari2Imran Amjad3Nooshin Khobzi Rotondi4Bernadette Ann Murphy5Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, CanadaCenter of Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, 6 Harrison Road, Mount Wellington, Auckland 1060, New ZealandCenter of Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, 6 Harrison Road, Mount Wellington, Auckland 1060, New ZealandCenter of Chiropractic Research, New Zealand College of Chiropractic, 6 Harrison Road, Mount Wellington, Auckland 1060, New ZealandFaculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, CanadaFaculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, CanadaBackground/Objectives: This study aimed to address limitations of the pilot reliability study on the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire (SMD-Q) in two parts. Part 1 evaluated the intra-rater reliability of SMD-Q version 2 (V2). Part 2 addressed V2’s limitations before assessing the intra-rater reliability of version 3 (V3). V2 framed questions as “over the past week”, whereas V3 also framed questions as “in a typical/usual week”. Methods: The SMD-Q was administered via Qualtrics<sup>TM</sup> at baseline and 4 to 7 days later to subclinical neck pain participants, 51 in part 1 (32 F; mean age ± SD: 21.17 ± 2.66 y) and 27 in part 2 (20 F; mean age ± SD: 21.89 ± 2.81 y). Reliability statistics (quadratic weighted kappa (K<sub>w</sub>) and Cronbach’s alpha (α)) were calculated for all items (V2) and total scores (V2 and V3). Results: There was excellent agreement for V2 total scores (K<sub>w</sub> ≥ 0.75), and V3 total scores for “in a typical/usual week” (K<sub>w</sub> ≥ 0.75), but fair to good agreement for V3 total scores of “over the past week” (0.40 < K<sub>w</sub> < 0.75). V2 had acceptable (0.7 ≤ α < 0.8) to good internal consistency (0.8 ≤ α < 0.9), while V3 had good internal consistency for both administrations. Conclusions: Versions 2 and 3 of the SMD-Q appear to reliably capture disordered sensorimotor integration in people with subclinical neck pain, with improved reliability in V3 when questions are framed as “in a typical/usual week”. However, further research is needed to confirm this finding.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/1/67spine painsensorimotor integrationself-report questionnairereliabilityinternal consistency |
| spellingShingle | Ushani Ambalavanar Heidi Haavik Nitika Kumari Imran Amjad Nooshin Khobzi Rotondi Bernadette Ann Murphy Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population Brain Sciences spine pain sensorimotor integration self-report questionnaire reliability internal consistency |
| title | Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population |
| title_full | Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population |
| title_fullStr | Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population |
| title_short | Reliability of the Second and Third Iterations of the Sensory–Motor Dysfunction Questionnaire in a Subclinical Neck Pain Population |
| title_sort | reliability of the second and third iterations of the sensory motor dysfunction questionnaire in a subclinical neck pain population |
| topic | spine pain sensorimotor integration self-report questionnaire reliability internal consistency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/15/1/67 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ushaniambalavanar reliabilityofthesecondandthirditerationsofthesensorymotordysfunctionquestionnaireinasubclinicalneckpainpopulation AT heidihaavik reliabilityofthesecondandthirditerationsofthesensorymotordysfunctionquestionnaireinasubclinicalneckpainpopulation AT nitikakumari reliabilityofthesecondandthirditerationsofthesensorymotordysfunctionquestionnaireinasubclinicalneckpainpopulation AT imranamjad reliabilityofthesecondandthirditerationsofthesensorymotordysfunctionquestionnaireinasubclinicalneckpainpopulation AT nooshinkhobzirotondi reliabilityofthesecondandthirditerationsofthesensorymotordysfunctionquestionnaireinasubclinicalneckpainpopulation AT bernadetteannmurphy reliabilityofthesecondandthirditerationsofthesensorymotordysfunctionquestionnaireinasubclinicalneckpainpopulation |