A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses
<i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> is a terrestrial orchid endemic to southwestern Australia. The virus status of <i>C. ovata</i> has not been studied. Eighty-three <i>C. ovata</i> samples from 16 populations were collected, and sequencing was used to identify RNA viruses...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Stephen Wylie Hua Li Shu Hui Koh |
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| description | <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> is a terrestrial orchid endemic to southwestern Australia. The virus status of <i>C. ovata</i> has not been studied. Eighty-three <i>C. ovata</i> samples from 16 populations were collected, and sequencing was used to identify RNA viruses from them. In one population, all tested plants were co-infected with isolates of the exotic-to-Australia viruses Ornithogalum mosaic virus (OrMV) and bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV). In another population, one plant was infected with BYMV. No viruses were detected in the remaining populations. The OrMV isolate shared 98–99% nucleotide identity with isolates identified from wild indigenous <i>Lachenalia</i> (Iridaceae) plants in South Africa. This suggests that the source of OrMV in <i>C. ovata</i> may be one or more bulbous iridaceous flowering plants of southern African origin that were introduced to Western Australia as ornamentals and that have since become invasive weeds. One BYMV isolate from <i>C. ovata</i> also exhibited 99% nucleotide identity with strains isolated from the exotic leguminous crop <i>Lupinus angustifolius</i> in Western Australia, suggesting possible spillover to indigenous species from this source. This study with <i>C. ovata</i> highlights the probable role of invasive weeds and exotic crops as sources of exotic virus spillovers to indigenous plants. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d53e93532783424688e5d4dab3c92ada |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-d53e93532783424688e5d4dab3c92ada2025-01-24T13:52:37ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-01-0117110810.3390/v17010108A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic VirusesStephen Wylie0Hua Li1Shu Hui Koh2Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth 6150, AustraliaFood Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth 6150, AustraliaSchool of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Perth 6150, Australia<i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> is a terrestrial orchid endemic to southwestern Australia. The virus status of <i>C. ovata</i> has not been studied. Eighty-three <i>C. ovata</i> samples from 16 populations were collected, and sequencing was used to identify RNA viruses from them. In one population, all tested plants were co-infected with isolates of the exotic-to-Australia viruses Ornithogalum mosaic virus (OrMV) and bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV). In another population, one plant was infected with BYMV. No viruses were detected in the remaining populations. The OrMV isolate shared 98–99% nucleotide identity with isolates identified from wild indigenous <i>Lachenalia</i> (Iridaceae) plants in South Africa. This suggests that the source of OrMV in <i>C. ovata</i> may be one or more bulbous iridaceous flowering plants of southern African origin that were introduced to Western Australia as ornamentals and that have since become invasive weeds. One BYMV isolate from <i>C. ovata</i> also exhibited 99% nucleotide identity with strains isolated from the exotic leguminous crop <i>Lupinus angustifolius</i> in Western Australia, suggesting possible spillover to indigenous species from this source. This study with <i>C. ovata</i> highlights the probable role of invasive weeds and exotic crops as sources of exotic virus spillovers to indigenous plants.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/108virus emergencewild plant virologyvirus transmissionpotyvirus |
| spellingShingle | Stephen Wylie Hua Li Shu Hui Koh A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses Viruses virus emergence wild plant virology virus transmission potyvirus |
| title | A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses |
| title_full | A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses |
| title_fullStr | A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses |
| title_short | A Survey of Wild Indigenous <i>Cryptostylis ovata</i> Orchid Populations in Western Australia Reveals Spillover of Exotic Viruses |
| title_sort | survey of wild indigenous i cryptostylis ovata i orchid populations in western australia reveals spillover of exotic viruses |
| topic | virus emergence wild plant virology virus transmission potyvirus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/1/108 |
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