Surface morphology of worn out tool used for friction stir welding of aluminium plates by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM)

Abstract Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining technique that bonds materials without reaching their melting point. In this process, the tool plays a central role by generating the frictional heat necessary for welding, which directly influences weld quality, productivity, and product...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ratnesh Kumar, Somnath Chattopadhyaya, Madhulika Srivastava, Saurabh Dewangan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-07-01
Series:Discover Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-07487-z
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