Outer membrane vesicles derived from probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 promote metabolic remodeling and M1 polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages

IntroductionEscherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is one of the most extensively studied nonpathogenic Gram-negative probiotic strains worldwide. Recent research has highlighted the ability of EcN outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) to enhance the phagocytosis and proliferation of RAW264.7 macrophages. Howe...

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Main Authors: DongXue Ma, YuXin Zhang, Jia Zhang, Jun Shi, ShanHu Gao, Fei Long, Xin Wang, XingYu Pu, Jiayao Sun, Shuang Liang, Richard D. Cannon, Silas Villas-Boas, Ting-Li Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1501174/full
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