The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores
BackgroundIt has been described that there is a relationship between metabolic health and anxiety.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between anxiety and metabolic syndrome, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors, in adolescents with obesity.MethodsWe conducted a comparative cross-sectional stud...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1477006/full |
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| author | Miguel Angel Villasis-Keever Jessie Nallely Zurita-Cruz Areli Zulema Pichardo-Estrada Wendy Alejandra Mazón-Aguirre |
| author_facet | Miguel Angel Villasis-Keever Jessie Nallely Zurita-Cruz Areli Zulema Pichardo-Estrada Wendy Alejandra Mazón-Aguirre |
| author_sort | Miguel Angel Villasis-Keever |
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| description | BackgroundIt has been described that there is a relationship between metabolic health and anxiety.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between anxiety and metabolic syndrome, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors, in adolescents with obesity.MethodsWe conducted a comparative cross-sectional study of adolescents with obesity between January 2019 and December 2022. In each patient, we recorded somatometric measurements, lipid profiles, and serum insulin levels. Anxiety was measured using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale. Participants were divided into those with and without anxiety. Patients with anxiety were matched to patients without anxiety using propensity scores based on z-score body mass index (zBMI). Mann–Whitney U tests and χ2 tests were used.ResultsOf the 564 adolescents, 32.6% (n = 184) suffered from anxiety. In the overall study population, no differences in biochemical and cardiometabolic parameters were observed between the adolescents with and without anxiety prior to adjusting the groups based on zBMI. After matching using their zBMI, we found that the adolescents with anxiety had higher serum uric acid levels (5.9 mg/dl vs. 5.4 mg/dl, p = 0.041), an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome (39.1% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.002), hyperglycemia (21.7% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.020), and lower HDLc (67.3% vs. 34.7%, p < 0.001), than those without anxiety. Girls with anxiety had a higher proportion of cardiometabolic risk factors compared to those without anxiety.ConclusionsAdolescents with obesity and anxiety had higher cardiometabolic risk factors than those without anxiety. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d3cfe04974b8436994d610ee354926262025-02-06T05:21:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922025-02-011610.3389/fendo.2025.14770061477006The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scoresMiguel Angel Villasis-Keever0Jessie Nallely Zurita-Cruz1Areli Zulema Pichardo-Estrada2Wendy Alejandra Mazón-Aguirre3Research Unit in Analysis and Synthesis of the Evidence, Hospital de Pediatría, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, MexicoFacultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Mexico City, MexicoResearch Unit in Analysis and Synthesis of the Evidence, Hospital de Pediatría, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, MexicoResearch Unit in Analysis and Synthesis of the Evidence, Hospital de Pediatría, National Medical Center XXI Century, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, MexicoBackgroundIt has been described that there is a relationship between metabolic health and anxiety.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between anxiety and metabolic syndrome, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors, in adolescents with obesity.MethodsWe conducted a comparative cross-sectional study of adolescents with obesity between January 2019 and December 2022. In each patient, we recorded somatometric measurements, lipid profiles, and serum insulin levels. Anxiety was measured using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale. Participants were divided into those with and without anxiety. Patients with anxiety were matched to patients without anxiety using propensity scores based on z-score body mass index (zBMI). Mann–Whitney U tests and χ2 tests were used.ResultsOf the 564 adolescents, 32.6% (n = 184) suffered from anxiety. In the overall study population, no differences in biochemical and cardiometabolic parameters were observed between the adolescents with and without anxiety prior to adjusting the groups based on zBMI. After matching using their zBMI, we found that the adolescents with anxiety had higher serum uric acid levels (5.9 mg/dl vs. 5.4 mg/dl, p = 0.041), an increased incidence of metabolic syndrome (39.1% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.002), hyperglycemia (21.7% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.020), and lower HDLc (67.3% vs. 34.7%, p < 0.001), than those without anxiety. Girls with anxiety had a higher proportion of cardiometabolic risk factors compared to those without anxiety.ConclusionsAdolescents with obesity and anxiety had higher cardiometabolic risk factors than those without anxiety.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1477006/fullobesityanxietymetabolic syndromeinsulin resistancecardiometabolic factors |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Angel Villasis-Keever Jessie Nallely Zurita-Cruz Areli Zulema Pichardo-Estrada Wendy Alejandra Mazón-Aguirre The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores Frontiers in Endocrinology obesity anxiety metabolic syndrome insulin resistance cardiometabolic factors |
| title | The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores |
| title_full | The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores |
| title_short | The relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity: propensity scores |
| title_sort | relationship between anxiety and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with obesity propensity scores |
| topic | obesity anxiety metabolic syndrome insulin resistance cardiometabolic factors |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2025.1477006/full |
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