Association and risk of blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio with congestive heart failure in critically ill COPD patients

Abstract Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and death. The blood urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio (BCR) is recognized as a crucial marker to assess renal function and cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, the effects of BCR on COPD patients su...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jinjun Sun, Weiwei Chen, Hongli Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Pulmonary Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03556-6
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