Nanofluids for advanced thermal management: A multi-criteria review of performance, cost, and environmental impacts

Nanofluids—engineered suspensions of nanoparticles in conventional fluids—have emerged as next-generation coolants due to their exceptional thermal properties. This review synthesizes recent progress in nanofluid research with a multi-criteria evaluation of thermophysical performance, cost-efficienc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hamid-Reza Bahrami, Omid Allahdadi, Hamid Saffari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-09-01
Series:Results in Materials
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590048X25000986
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