The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature
We have reported here the fatal outcome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in a 58-year-old male who had probably developed reactivation/chronic active EBV (CAEBV) which gave rise to various neurological deficits, pancytopenia, and a lower CD4 count in the patient. The decreased immune response h...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Virology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fviro.2024.1485608/full |
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| author | Gargee Mishra Gaurav Sarnaik Joydeep Samanta Archana Keche Sanjay Singh Negi |
| author_facet | Gargee Mishra Gaurav Sarnaik Joydeep Samanta Archana Keche Sanjay Singh Negi |
| author_sort | Gargee Mishra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We have reported here the fatal outcome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in a 58-year-old male who had probably developed reactivation/chronic active EBV (CAEBV) which gave rise to various neurological deficits, pancytopenia, and a lower CD4 count in the patient. The decreased immune response helped Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) to manifest a disseminated infection. Although he was exclusively provided with antifungal treatment and the patient appeared to be successfully treated for cryptococcal infection, no coverage of EBV appeared detrimental as the patient died the very next day. This report highlights the need for clinical suspicion of EBV in unexplained cases of neurological manifestation, the hematological disorder of pancytopenia, a lower CD4 count, and multiorgan involvement such as pleural effusion, coarse liver echotexture, and splenomegaly. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d12cc564d4d94f97882cf4e69e7ea640 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-818X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Virology |
| spelling | doaj-art-d12cc564d4d94f97882cf4e69e7ea6402025-01-28T06:41:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Virology2673-818X2025-01-01410.3389/fviro.2024.14856081485608The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literatureGargee Mishra0Gaurav Sarnaik1Joydeep Samanta2Archana Keche3Sanjay Singh Negi4Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaDepartment of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaDepartment of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaWe have reported here the fatal outcome of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in a 58-year-old male who had probably developed reactivation/chronic active EBV (CAEBV) which gave rise to various neurological deficits, pancytopenia, and a lower CD4 count in the patient. The decreased immune response helped Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) to manifest a disseminated infection. Although he was exclusively provided with antifungal treatment and the patient appeared to be successfully treated for cryptococcal infection, no coverage of EBV appeared detrimental as the patient died the very next day. This report highlights the need for clinical suspicion of EBV in unexplained cases of neurological manifestation, the hematological disorder of pancytopenia, a lower CD4 count, and multiorgan involvement such as pleural effusion, coarse liver echotexture, and splenomegaly.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fviro.2024.1485608/fullEBV (Epstein-Barr virus)chronic active EBVreactivationimmunosuppressiondisseminated cryptococcosis |
| spellingShingle | Gargee Mishra Gaurav Sarnaik Joydeep Samanta Archana Keche Sanjay Singh Negi The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature Frontiers in Virology EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) chronic active EBV reactivation immunosuppression disseminated cryptococcosis |
| title | The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_full | The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_fullStr | The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_short | The probable progression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to chronic active EBV/reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates Cryptococcus neoformans infection, which invariably proves fatal: a case report and review of the literature |
| title_sort | probable progression of epstein barr virus ebv to chronic active ebv reactivation weakens the immune response and stimulates cryptococcus neoformans infection which invariably proves fatal a case report and review of the literature |
| topic | EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) chronic active EBV reactivation immunosuppression disseminated cryptococcosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fviro.2024.1485608/full |
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