Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy
Earthworms are known for their intricate systematics and a diverse range of reproduction modes, including outcrossing, self-fertilization, parthenogenesis, and some other modes, which can occasionally coexist in a single species. Moreover, they exhibit considerable intraspecific karyotype diversity,...
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Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
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| Online Access: | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4237 |
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| author | S. V. Shekhovtsov Ye. A. Derzhinsky E. V. Golovanova |
| author_facet | S. V. Shekhovtsov Ye. A. Derzhinsky E. V. Golovanova |
| author_sort | S. V. Shekhovtsov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Earthworms are known for their intricate systematics and a diverse range of reproduction modes, including outcrossing, self-fertilization, parthenogenesis, and some other modes, which can occasionally coexist in a single species. Moreover, they exhibit considerable intraspecific karyotype diversity, with ploidy levels varying from di- to decaploid, as well as high genetic variation. In some cases, a single species may exhibit significant morphological variation, contain several races of different ploidy, and harbor multiple genetic lineages that display significant divergence in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. However, the relationship between ploidy races and genetic lineages in earthworms remains largely unexplored. To address this question, we conducted a comprehensive review of available data on earthworm genetic diversity and karyotypes. Our analysis revealed that in many cases, a single genetic lineage appears to encompass populations with different ploidy levels, indicating recent polyploidization. On the other hand, some other cases like Octolasion tyrtaeum and Dendrobaena schmidti/D. tellermanica demonstrate pronounced genetic boundaries between ploidy races, implying that they diverged long ago. Certain cases like the Eisenia nordenskioldi complex represent a complex picture with ancient divergence between lineages and both ancient and recent polyploidization. The comparison of phylogenetic and cytological data suggests that some ploidy races have arisen independently multiple times, which supports the early findings by T.S. Vsevolodova-Perel and T.V. Malinina. The key to such a complex picture is probably the plasticity of reproductive modes in earthworms, which encompass diverse modes of sexual and asexual reproduction; also, it has been demonstrated that even high-ploidy forms can retain amphimixis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d04df30f687b4cbfadbd818f2f092e91 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2500-3259 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and Breeders |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции |
| spelling | doaj-art-d04df30f687b4cbfadbd818f2f092e912025-02-01T09:58:13ZengSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Vavilov Society of Geneticists and BreedersВавиловский журнал генетики и селекции2500-32592024-09-0128556357010.18699/vjgb-24-621490Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidyS. V. Shekhovtsov0Ye. A. Derzhinsky1E. V. Golovanova2Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Biological Problems of the North of the Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVitebsk State University named after P.M. MasherovOmsk State Pedagogical UniversityEarthworms are known for their intricate systematics and a diverse range of reproduction modes, including outcrossing, self-fertilization, parthenogenesis, and some other modes, which can occasionally coexist in a single species. Moreover, they exhibit considerable intraspecific karyotype diversity, with ploidy levels varying from di- to decaploid, as well as high genetic variation. In some cases, a single species may exhibit significant morphological variation, contain several races of different ploidy, and harbor multiple genetic lineages that display significant divergence in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. However, the relationship between ploidy races and genetic lineages in earthworms remains largely unexplored. To address this question, we conducted a comprehensive review of available data on earthworm genetic diversity and karyotypes. Our analysis revealed that in many cases, a single genetic lineage appears to encompass populations with different ploidy levels, indicating recent polyploidization. On the other hand, some other cases like Octolasion tyrtaeum and Dendrobaena schmidti/D. tellermanica demonstrate pronounced genetic boundaries between ploidy races, implying that they diverged long ago. Certain cases like the Eisenia nordenskioldi complex represent a complex picture with ancient divergence between lineages and both ancient and recent polyploidization. The comparison of phylogenetic and cytological data suggests that some ploidy races have arisen independently multiple times, which supports the early findings by T.S. Vsevolodova-Perel and T.V. Malinina. The key to such a complex picture is probably the plasticity of reproductive modes in earthworms, which encompass diverse modes of sexual and asexual reproduction; also, it has been demonstrated that even high-ploidy forms can retain amphimixis.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4237genetic lineageskaryotypesphylogenyspecies divergence |
| spellingShingle | S. V. Shekhovtsov Ye. A. Derzhinsky E. V. Golovanova Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции genetic lineages karyotypes phylogeny species divergence |
| title | Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy |
| title_full | Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy |
| title_fullStr | Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy |
| title_short | Earthworm (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy |
| title_sort | earthworm oligochaeta lumbricidae intraspecific genetic variation and polyploidy |
| topic | genetic lineages karyotypes phylogeny species divergence |
| url | https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4237 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT svshekhovtsov earthwormoligochaetalumbricidaeintraspecificgeneticvariationandpolyploidy AT yeaderzhinsky earthwormoligochaetalumbricidaeintraspecificgeneticvariationandpolyploidy AT evgolovanova earthwormoligochaetalumbricidaeintraspecificgeneticvariationandpolyploidy |