Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment
Abstract Metastatic brain tumors, also called brain metastasis (BM), represent a challenging complication of advanced tumors. Tumors that commonly metastasize to the brain include lung cancer and breast cancer. In recent years, the prognosis for BM patients has improved, and significant advancements...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | MedComm |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70020 |
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| _version_ | 1832594243085926400 |
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| author | Guilong Tanzhu Liu Chen Jiaoyang Ning Wenxiang Xue Ce Wang Gang Xiao Jie Yang Rongrong Zhou |
| author_facet | Guilong Tanzhu Liu Chen Jiaoyang Ning Wenxiang Xue Ce Wang Gang Xiao Jie Yang Rongrong Zhou |
| author_sort | Guilong Tanzhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Metastatic brain tumors, also called brain metastasis (BM), represent a challenging complication of advanced tumors. Tumors that commonly metastasize to the brain include lung cancer and breast cancer. In recent years, the prognosis for BM patients has improved, and significant advancements have been made in both clinical and preclinical research. This review focuses on BM originating from lung cancer and breast cancer. We briefly overview the history and epidemiology of BM, as well as the current diagnostic and treatment paradigms. Additionally, we summarize multiomics evidence on the mechanisms of tumor occurrence and development in the era of artificial intelligence and discuss the role of the tumor microenvironment. Preclinically, we introduce the establishment of BM models, detailed molecular mechanisms, and cutting‐edge treatment methods. BM is primarily treated with a comprehensive approach, including local treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy. For lung cancer, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown efficacy, while in breast cancer, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antibody–drug conjugates are effective in BM. Multiomics approaches assist in clinical diagnosis and treatment, revealing the complex mechanisms of BM. Moreover, preclinical agents often need to cross the blood–brain barrier to achieve high intracranial concentrations, including small‐molecule inhibitors, nanoparticles, and peptide drugs. Addressing BM is imperative. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-d01eb846f49a4addbaf568fb1daf76ca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2688-2663 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | MedComm |
| spelling | doaj-art-d01eb846f49a4addbaf568fb1daf76ca2025-01-20T01:45:44ZengWileyMedComm2688-26632025-01-0161n/an/a10.1002/mco2.70020Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatmentGuilong Tanzhu0Liu Chen1Jiaoyang Ning2Wenxiang Xue3Ce Wang4Gang Xiao5Jie Yang6Rongrong Zhou7Department of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha ChinaNHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology School of Public Health Jilin University Changchun Jilin ChinaDepartment of Radiology China‐Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha ChinaDepartment of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha ChinaAbstract Metastatic brain tumors, also called brain metastasis (BM), represent a challenging complication of advanced tumors. Tumors that commonly metastasize to the brain include lung cancer and breast cancer. In recent years, the prognosis for BM patients has improved, and significant advancements have been made in both clinical and preclinical research. This review focuses on BM originating from lung cancer and breast cancer. We briefly overview the history and epidemiology of BM, as well as the current diagnostic and treatment paradigms. Additionally, we summarize multiomics evidence on the mechanisms of tumor occurrence and development in the era of artificial intelligence and discuss the role of the tumor microenvironment. Preclinically, we introduce the establishment of BM models, detailed molecular mechanisms, and cutting‐edge treatment methods. BM is primarily treated with a comprehensive approach, including local treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy. For lung cancer, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown efficacy, while in breast cancer, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antibody–drug conjugates are effective in BM. Multiomics approaches assist in clinical diagnosis and treatment, revealing the complex mechanisms of BM. Moreover, preclinical agents often need to cross the blood–brain barrier to achieve high intracranial concentrations, including small‐molecule inhibitors, nanoparticles, and peptide drugs. Addressing BM is imperative.https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70020diagnosis and treatmentmetastatic brain tumorsmolecular mechanismsmultiomicstumor microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Guilong Tanzhu Liu Chen Jiaoyang Ning Wenxiang Xue Ce Wang Gang Xiao Jie Yang Rongrong Zhou Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment MedComm diagnosis and treatment metastatic brain tumors molecular mechanisms multiomics tumor microenvironment |
| title | Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment |
| title_full | Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment |
| title_fullStr | Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment |
| title_short | Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment |
| title_sort | metastatic brain tumors from development to cutting edge treatment |
| topic | diagnosis and treatment metastatic brain tumors molecular mechanisms multiomics tumor microenvironment |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mco2.70020 |
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