The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels
Abstract Background There are significant discrepancies in the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) reported in the literature. We aimed to determine the ultrasonographic imaging features of ONSD and ophthalmic vessels in a healthy population, using a standardized protocol, and to estimate the effect...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Ultrasound Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13089-025-00403-x |
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| author | David Berhanu Luís Abegão Pinto Inês Carneiro Isabel Fragata Joana Tavares Ferreira Lia Lucas Neto |
| author_facet | David Berhanu Luís Abegão Pinto Inês Carneiro Isabel Fragata Joana Tavares Ferreira Lia Lucas Neto |
| author_sort | David Berhanu |
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| description | Abstract Background There are significant discrepancies in the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) reported in the literature. We aimed to determine the ultrasonographic imaging features of ONSD and ophthalmic vessels in a healthy population, using a standardized protocol, and to estimate the effect of demographics and positioning changes on imaging measurements. Methods We measured the mean values of the ONSD in supine and sitting position and the Doppler imaging parameters of the ophthalmic, central retinal and short posterior ciliary arteries. Inter-observer reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Linear regression models were fitted to predict the effect of demographic and clinical determinants on the imaging features. Results A total of 50 measurements were obtained for each observer. The mean ONSD was 5.9 mm and there was a mean reduction of 0.2 mm when assessed in sitting position (p < 0.001). Doppler analysis showed higher peak-systolic velocity and resistive index in the ophthalmic artery (35.6 cm/s vs. 12.0 cm/s; 0.78 vs. 0.70) compared to the central retinal artery (p < 0.001). Age, sex, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were significant determinants of the imaging features, with ONSD being larger in males (p < 0.001) and increasing with heart rate (p = 0.001). ICC estimates indicated ‘good’ inter-observer reliability of the ONSD and the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries velocities and resistance. Conclusions Our findings suggest a significant impact of patient demographics and positioning during ultrasonography on the normal imaging features of the ONSD and ophthalmic vessels. The heterogeneity in methodology and clinical cohorts may justify previous discrepancies in the literature. These findings can assist in the interpretation of imaging features in clinical settings and in the standardization of point of care ONSD ultrasonography. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cb0f582376124edd8f0e61d12ef41d0b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2524-8987 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Ultrasound Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-cb0f582376124edd8f0e61d12ef41d0b2025-01-19T12:14:42ZengSpringerOpenThe Ultrasound Journal2524-89872025-01-0117111110.1186/s13089-025-00403-xThe impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vesselsDavid Berhanu0Luís Abegão Pinto1Inês Carneiro2Isabel Fragata3Joana Tavares Ferreira4Lia Lucas Neto5Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaServiço de Imagiologia Neurológica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteServiço de Neurorradiologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa CentralFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaAbstract Background There are significant discrepancies in the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) reported in the literature. We aimed to determine the ultrasonographic imaging features of ONSD and ophthalmic vessels in a healthy population, using a standardized protocol, and to estimate the effect of demographics and positioning changes on imaging measurements. Methods We measured the mean values of the ONSD in supine and sitting position and the Doppler imaging parameters of the ophthalmic, central retinal and short posterior ciliary arteries. Inter-observer reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Linear regression models were fitted to predict the effect of demographic and clinical determinants on the imaging features. Results A total of 50 measurements were obtained for each observer. The mean ONSD was 5.9 mm and there was a mean reduction of 0.2 mm when assessed in sitting position (p < 0.001). Doppler analysis showed higher peak-systolic velocity and resistive index in the ophthalmic artery (35.6 cm/s vs. 12.0 cm/s; 0.78 vs. 0.70) compared to the central retinal artery (p < 0.001). Age, sex, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were significant determinants of the imaging features, with ONSD being larger in males (p < 0.001) and increasing with heart rate (p = 0.001). ICC estimates indicated ‘good’ inter-observer reliability of the ONSD and the ophthalmic and central retinal arteries velocities and resistance. Conclusions Our findings suggest a significant impact of patient demographics and positioning during ultrasonography on the normal imaging features of the ONSD and ophthalmic vessels. The heterogeneity in methodology and clinical cohorts may justify previous discrepancies in the literature. These findings can assist in the interpretation of imaging features in clinical settings and in the standardization of point of care ONSD ultrasonography.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13089-025-00403-xOptic nerve sheathUltrasonographyDopplerOphthalmic arteryCentral retinal arteryOptic nerve sheath diameter |
| spellingShingle | David Berhanu Luís Abegão Pinto Inês Carneiro Isabel Fragata Joana Tavares Ferreira Lia Lucas Neto The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels The Ultrasound Journal Optic nerve sheath Ultrasonography Doppler Ophthalmic artery Central retinal artery Optic nerve sheath diameter |
| title | The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels |
| title_full | The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels |
| title_fullStr | The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels |
| title_short | The impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels |
| title_sort | impact of demographics and positioning on the imaging features of the optic nerve sheath and ophthalmic vessels |
| topic | Optic nerve sheath Ultrasonography Doppler Ophthalmic artery Central retinal artery Optic nerve sheath diameter |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13089-025-00403-x |
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