Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of human periapical lesions: a study of TGF-β1 and CD68 markers

Abstract Background Various inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, along with diverse cell types, are implicated in the development and progression of periapical lesions. This work aimed to assess the immuno-expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and CD68 (a macrophage marke...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nermeen AbuBakr, Geraldine M. Ahmed, Amany Hany Mohamed Kamel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05845-2
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