Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy
Background The impact of sex‐related differences in coronary atheroma and flow impairment severity on clinical events and costs remains unclear. Methods and Results This is a secondary analysis of patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent both coronary computed tomography angiograph...
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Wiley
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.123.029950 |
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| author | Lavinia Gabara Jonathan Hinton Mohamed Kira James Shambrook Ausami Abbas Sam Wilding Jonathon A. Leipsic Pamela S. Douglas Nick Curzen |
| author_facet | Lavinia Gabara Jonathan Hinton Mohamed Kira James Shambrook Ausami Abbas Sam Wilding Jonathon A. Leipsic Pamela S. Douglas Nick Curzen |
| author_sort | Lavinia Gabara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The impact of sex‐related differences in coronary atheroma and flow impairment severity on clinical events and costs remains unclear. Methods and Results This is a secondary analysis of patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent both coronary computed tomography angiography and fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography as part of the FORECAST (Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography in the Assessment and Management of Stable Chest Pain) trial, investigating (1) the relationship between coronary stenosis severity on coronary computed tomography angiography and fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography FFRCT by sex and (2) the association with revascularization, resource usage, and adverse clinical events. A total of 212 patients (64 female participants [32.1%]) and 1245 vessels were included. There was no significant sex difference in the frequencies of significant coronary artery disease (38.2% of women versus 51.3% of men; P=0.073), but female participants had significantly less coronary flow impairment, according to the presence of at least 1 fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography≤0.8 (47.0% versus 71.5%; P=0.008). Female subjects underwent fewer revascularization procedures (23.5% versus 42.3%; P=0.014), less coronary artery bypass graft surgery (2.9% versus 13.1%; P=0.025) and were less likely to be on statin treatment (72.0% versus 84.7%; P=0.022) by 9‐month follow‐up. This resulted in lower overall health care costs for female participants compared with male counterparts (median total cost, £1276 versus £2051; P=0.014). In multivariable Cox analysis the presence of significant coronary artery disease (hazard ratio [HR], 2.91; 95% CI, 1.30–6.51) and having a positive fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (HR, 4.11; 95% CI, 1.15–14.69) were independent predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events at 9 months, whereas sex was not statistically significant (p=0.13). Conclusions There are significant sex differences in the anatomico‐functional assessment of coronary artery disease leading to differences in clinical management, costs, and adverse events. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c876a84d51264cb79b7fab6c1e3034af |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-c876a84d51264cb79b7fab6c1e3034af2025-02-04T11:00:01ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802025-02-0114310.1161/JAHA.123.029950Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST SubstudyLavinia Gabara0Jonathan Hinton1Mohamed Kira2James Shambrook3Ausami Abbas4Sam Wilding5Jonathon A. Leipsic6Pamela S. Douglas7Nick Curzen8Coronary Research Group University Hospital Southampton NHS FT Southampton United KingdomCoronary Research Group University Hospital Southampton NHS FT Southampton United KingdomCoronary Research Group University Hospital Southampton NHS FT Southampton United KingdomDepartment of Cardiothoracic Radiology, Wessex Cardiac Centre University Hospital Southampton Southampton United KingdomDepartment of Cardiothoracic Radiology, Wessex Cardiac Centre University Hospital Southampton Southampton United KingdomClinical Trials Unit University of Southampton United KingdomDepartment of Radiology and Centre for Heart Lung Innovation University of British Columbia and St. Paul’s Hospital Vancouver British Columbia CanadaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Duke University Medical Centre, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC USACoronary Research Group University Hospital Southampton NHS FT Southampton United KingdomBackground The impact of sex‐related differences in coronary atheroma and flow impairment severity on clinical events and costs remains unclear. Methods and Results This is a secondary analysis of patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent both coronary computed tomography angiography and fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography as part of the FORECAST (Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography in the Assessment and Management of Stable Chest Pain) trial, investigating (1) the relationship between coronary stenosis severity on coronary computed tomography angiography and fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography FFRCT by sex and (2) the association with revascularization, resource usage, and adverse clinical events. A total of 212 patients (64 female participants [32.1%]) and 1245 vessels were included. There was no significant sex difference in the frequencies of significant coronary artery disease (38.2% of women versus 51.3% of men; P=0.073), but female participants had significantly less coronary flow impairment, according to the presence of at least 1 fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography≤0.8 (47.0% versus 71.5%; P=0.008). Female subjects underwent fewer revascularization procedures (23.5% versus 42.3%; P=0.014), less coronary artery bypass graft surgery (2.9% versus 13.1%; P=0.025) and were less likely to be on statin treatment (72.0% versus 84.7%; P=0.022) by 9‐month follow‐up. This resulted in lower overall health care costs for female participants compared with male counterparts (median total cost, £1276 versus £2051; P=0.014). In multivariable Cox analysis the presence of significant coronary artery disease (hazard ratio [HR], 2.91; 95% CI, 1.30–6.51) and having a positive fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (HR, 4.11; 95% CI, 1.15–14.69) were independent predictors of major adverse cardiovascular events at 9 months, whereas sex was not statistically significant (p=0.13). Conclusions There are significant sex differences in the anatomico‐functional assessment of coronary artery disease leading to differences in clinical management, costs, and adverse events.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.123.029950coronary artery diseasecoronary computed tomography angiographyfractional flow reserve derived from computed tomographymajor adverse cardiovascular eventsrevascularizationrisk stratification |
| spellingShingle | Lavinia Gabara Jonathan Hinton Mohamed Kira James Shambrook Ausami Abbas Sam Wilding Jonathon A. Leipsic Pamela S. Douglas Nick Curzen Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease coronary artery disease coronary computed tomography angiography fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography major adverse cardiovascular events revascularization risk stratification |
| title | Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy |
| title_full | Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy |
| title_fullStr | Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy |
| title_short | Sex Differences in Computed Tomography Coronary Stenosis Severity Versus Flow Impairment and Impact on Revascularization, Clinical Events and Health Care Costs: A FORECAST Substudy |
| title_sort | sex differences in computed tomography coronary stenosis severity versus flow impairment and impact on revascularization clinical events and health care costs a forecast substudy |
| topic | coronary artery disease coronary computed tomography angiography fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography major adverse cardiovascular events revascularization risk stratification |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.123.029950 |
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