Optimization of Distillation Conditions for Improved Recovery of Phthalides from Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Seeds
The essential oil of celery ( Apium graveolens ) is characterized by exceptionally high content of alkylphthalides. The mentioned compounds exhibit a number of biological effects (including hypotensive, lipid-lowering, neuroprotective, and cytotoxic) and are also responsible for distinctive aroma of...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.pan.olsztyn.pl/Optimization-of-Distillation-Conditions-for-Improved-Recovery-of-Phthalides-from,137612,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | The essential oil of celery ( Apium graveolens ) is characterized by exceptionally high content of alkylphthalides. The mentioned compounds exhibit a number of biological effects (including hypotensive, lipid-lowering, neuroprotective, and cytotoxic) and are also responsible for distinctive aroma of the plant. In the current work, parameters of conventional hydrodistillation (HD) and simultaneous distillation-extraction (SDE) were optimized to obtain phthalide-enriched fractions of celery seeds. A positive correlation was shown between hydrodistillation time and improved essential oil and phthalide yields. The 6-h HD of comminuted seeds yielded essential oil (2.9%) with a higher total phthalide content (51%), as compared to the samples collected after 1.5-3.0 h, which gave 2.4-2.7% of oil containing 24.6-39.2% of total phthalides. The oil contained sedanenolide (36.7%), 3- n -butylphthalide (13.1%), and sedanolide (1.1%). A further increase in the total phthalide content was achieved by omitting the size reduction step prior to hydrodistillation (68.8%) and utilization of the salting-out effect (84.3%). Enzyme pretreatment had a negligible effect on essential oil and phthalide yields. The change of distillation mode from HD to SDE significantly increased the oil yield of whole seeds (from 2.8 to 5.8% for 6 h processing) while maintaining its high phthalide content (62.5%), which translated to an increase in the total phthalide yield from 19.4 to 36.0 g/kg. |
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| ISSN: | 2083-6007 |