Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Ethiopian healthcare relies heavily on Health Extension Workers (HEWs), who deliver essential services to communities nationwide. By analyzing existing research, the authors explore how prevalent job satisfaction is and what factors affect it. This comprehensive analysis aims to...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | BMC Health Services Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12298-4 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832585942251077632 |
|---|---|
| author | Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw Gebeyehu Lakew Eyob Getachew Mulugeta Desalegn Kasaye Ermias Bekele Enyew Demis Getachew Abiyu Abadi Tareke |
| author_facet | Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw Gebeyehu Lakew Eyob Getachew Mulugeta Desalegn Kasaye Ermias Bekele Enyew Demis Getachew Abiyu Abadi Tareke |
| author_sort | Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Ethiopian healthcare relies heavily on Health Extension Workers (HEWs), who deliver essential services to communities nationwide. By analyzing existing research, the authors explore how prevalent job satisfaction is and what factors affect it. This comprehensive analysis aims to improve HEW satisfaction through targeted interventions, ultimately leading to a more effective healthcare workforce and better health outcomes in Ethiopia. Specifically, this study estimates the pooled level of job satisfaction and associated factors among HEWs in Ethiopia using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Method Studies were searched through the search engine of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar. Data from included studies was extracted, organized in Excel, and then analyzed using STATA 17. The overall effect across all studies was calculated using a random-effect model. Potential publication bias and heterogeneity in the results between studies were assessed using Egger's test, forest plot, and I2 statistic, respectively. Results The pooled level of job satisfaction among health extension workers in Ethiopia was 46% (95%CI: 32%–60%). Supportive supervision (AOR = 4.42; 95% CI: 2.23, 8.23), training opportunities (AOR = 4.69; 95% CI: 2.72, 6.61), and support from management (AOR = 4.90; 95% CI: 3.03, 6.77) were statistically associated with the level of job satisfaction among HEW in Ethiopia. Conclusion The pooled level of job satisfaction was low. Getting supportive supervision from higher health experts, having favorable training opportunities, and having managerial support from kebele were found to be the statistically significant variables associated with job satisfaction among health extension workers in Ethiopia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bdef7e95f4524f82bfa5184f8cfc7858 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1472-6963 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Health Services Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-bdef7e95f4524f82bfa5184f8cfc78582025-01-26T12:22:00ZengBMCBMC Health Services Research1472-69632025-01-0125111010.1186/s12913-025-12298-4Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysisAmlaku Nigusie Yirsaw0Gebeyehu Lakew1Eyob Getachew2Mulugeta Desalegn Kasaye3Ermias Bekele Enyew4Demis Getachew5Abiyu Abadi Tareke6Department Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarDepartment Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarDepartment Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarDepartment of Health Informatics, School of Public Health College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Health Informatics, School of Public Health College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo UniversityDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of GondarAmref Health Africa in Ethiopia, EPI Technical Assistant at West Gondar Zonal Health DepartmentAbstract Background Ethiopian healthcare relies heavily on Health Extension Workers (HEWs), who deliver essential services to communities nationwide. By analyzing existing research, the authors explore how prevalent job satisfaction is and what factors affect it. This comprehensive analysis aims to improve HEW satisfaction through targeted interventions, ultimately leading to a more effective healthcare workforce and better health outcomes in Ethiopia. Specifically, this study estimates the pooled level of job satisfaction and associated factors among HEWs in Ethiopia using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Method Studies were searched through the search engine of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar. Data from included studies was extracted, organized in Excel, and then analyzed using STATA 17. The overall effect across all studies was calculated using a random-effect model. Potential publication bias and heterogeneity in the results between studies were assessed using Egger's test, forest plot, and I2 statistic, respectively. Results The pooled level of job satisfaction among health extension workers in Ethiopia was 46% (95%CI: 32%–60%). Supportive supervision (AOR = 4.42; 95% CI: 2.23, 8.23), training opportunities (AOR = 4.69; 95% CI: 2.72, 6.61), and support from management (AOR = 4.90; 95% CI: 3.03, 6.77) were statistically associated with the level of job satisfaction among HEW in Ethiopia. Conclusion The pooled level of job satisfaction was low. Getting supportive supervision from higher health experts, having favorable training opportunities, and having managerial support from kebele were found to be the statistically significant variables associated with job satisfaction among health extension workers in Ethiopia.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12298-4Health Extension WorkersJob SatisfactionDeterminants of Job SatisfactionEthiopiaSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis |
| spellingShingle | Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw Gebeyehu Lakew Eyob Getachew Mulugeta Desalegn Kasaye Ermias Bekele Enyew Demis Getachew Abiyu Abadi Tareke Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Health Services Research Health Extension Workers Job Satisfaction Determinants of Job Satisfaction Ethiopia Systematic Review Meta-Analysis |
| title | Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | health extension workers job satisfaction and associated factors in ethiopia a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Health Extension Workers Job Satisfaction Determinants of Job Satisfaction Ethiopia Systematic Review Meta-Analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12298-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amlakunigusieyirsaw healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT gebeyehulakew healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT eyobgetachew healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT mulugetadesalegnkasaye healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT ermiasbekeleenyew healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT demisgetachew healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT abiyuabaditareke healthextensionworkersjobsatisfactionandassociatedfactorsinethiopiaasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |