Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones

Immunoglobulins (IGs) made by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells are unique in that they bind themselves (homo-dimerize). This interaction leads to signal transduction with functional consequences that depend on the affinity of homo-dimerization. We have studied the antigen-binding propertie...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yun Liu, Dzmitry Padhorny, Rosa Catera, Antonella Nicolo, Xiao-Jie Yan, Stan Xiaogang Li, Anastasia Iatrou, Andrea N. Mazzarello, Noemi Destefani, Steven L. Allen, Jonathan E. Kolitz, Kanti R. Rai, Massimo Degano, Paolo P. Ghia, Charles C. Chu, Florian Krammer, Hassan Jumaa, Kostas Stamatopoulos, Dima Kozakov, Nicholas Chiorazzi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1607189/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849231525676056576
author Yun Liu
Yun Liu
Dzmitry Padhorny
Dzmitry Padhorny
Rosa Catera
Rosa Catera
Antonella Nicolo
Xiao-Jie Yan
Xiao-Jie Yan
Stan Xiaogang Li
Stan Xiaogang Li
Anastasia Iatrou
Andrea N. Mazzarello
Andrea N. Mazzarello
Noemi Destefani
Noemi Destefani
Steven L. Allen
Steven L. Allen
Jonathan E. Kolitz
Jonathan E. Kolitz
Kanti R. Rai
Kanti R. Rai
Massimo Degano
Massimo Degano
Paolo P. Ghia
Paolo P. Ghia
Charles C. Chu
Charles C. Chu
Florian Krammer
Florian Krammer
Hassan Jumaa
Kostas Stamatopoulos
Dima Kozakov
Dima Kozakov
Nicholas Chiorazzi
Nicholas Chiorazzi
author_facet Yun Liu
Yun Liu
Dzmitry Padhorny
Dzmitry Padhorny
Rosa Catera
Rosa Catera
Antonella Nicolo
Xiao-Jie Yan
Xiao-Jie Yan
Stan Xiaogang Li
Stan Xiaogang Li
Anastasia Iatrou
Andrea N. Mazzarello
Andrea N. Mazzarello
Noemi Destefani
Noemi Destefani
Steven L. Allen
Steven L. Allen
Jonathan E. Kolitz
Jonathan E. Kolitz
Kanti R. Rai
Kanti R. Rai
Massimo Degano
Massimo Degano
Paolo P. Ghia
Paolo P. Ghia
Charles C. Chu
Charles C. Chu
Florian Krammer
Florian Krammer
Hassan Jumaa
Kostas Stamatopoulos
Dima Kozakov
Dima Kozakov
Nicholas Chiorazzi
Nicholas Chiorazzi
author_sort Yun Liu
collection DOAJ
description Immunoglobulins (IGs) made by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells are unique in that they bind themselves (homo-dimerize). This interaction leads to signal transduction with functional consequences that depend on the affinity of homo-dimerization. We have studied the antigen-binding properties of the IGs from a subset of patients with CLL (Subset #4) that homo-dimerize at high affinity. Previously, we had found that subset #4 IGs bound viable lymphocytes. Our new studies, probing an array of >8,000 antigens, indicate that these IGs also bind influenza virus. Because of the IGs high-affinity homo-dimerization, we asked if the defined foreign- and self-antigenic interactions were mediated by conventional B-cell receptor (BCR) domains or a non-conventional receptor created by homo-dimerization. The studies indicated the latter since abrogation of homo-dimerization eliminated binding to influenza virus and its hemagglutinin and to viable lymphocytes. Using these findings, we modeled a developmental path whereby a naive IgM+ B cell with subset #4 heavy and light chain variable domains used the conventional BCR to interact with auto- and foreign antigens and acquire homo-dimerization capacity to create the non-conventional antigen-receptor when transitioning to a leukemic cell. Future studies will determine if this process is an idiosyncratic occurrence or a physiologic principle.
format Article
id doaj-art-bd3f856440584bcabcc127a3d974425a
institution Kabale University
issn 1664-3224
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Immunology
spelling doaj-art-bd3f856440584bcabcc127a3d974425a2025-08-21T05:27:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-08-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.16071891607189Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clonesYun Liu0Yun Liu1Dzmitry Padhorny2Dzmitry Padhorny3Rosa Catera4Rosa Catera5Antonella Nicolo6Xiao-Jie Yan7Xiao-Jie Yan8Stan Xiaogang Li9Stan Xiaogang Li10Anastasia Iatrou11Andrea N. Mazzarello12Andrea N. Mazzarello13Noemi Destefani14Noemi Destefani15Steven L. Allen16Steven L. Allen17Jonathan E. Kolitz18Jonathan E. Kolitz19Kanti R. Rai20Kanti R. Rai21Massimo Degano22Massimo Degano23Paolo P. Ghia24Paolo P. Ghia25Charles C. Chu26Charles C. Chu27Florian Krammer28Florian Krammer29Hassan Jumaa30Kostas Stamatopoulos31Dima Kozakov32Dima Kozakov33Nicholas Chiorazzi34Nicholas Chiorazzi35Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesLaufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesInstitute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, GermanyNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesLaufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesInstitute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, GreeceNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesDepartment of Biochemistry, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, ItalyDivision of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, ItalyNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesDepartment of Biochemistry, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, ItalyDivision of Immunology, Transplantation, and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, ItalyMedical School, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy0B Cell Neoplasia Unit and Strategic Research Program on CLL, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, ItalyNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States2Ignaz Semmelweis Institute, Interuniversity Institute for Infection Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Immunology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, GermanyInstitute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, GreeceDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesLaufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United StatesNorthwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United StatesInstitute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United StatesImmunoglobulins (IGs) made by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells are unique in that they bind themselves (homo-dimerize). This interaction leads to signal transduction with functional consequences that depend on the affinity of homo-dimerization. We have studied the antigen-binding properties of the IGs from a subset of patients with CLL (Subset #4) that homo-dimerize at high affinity. Previously, we had found that subset #4 IGs bound viable lymphocytes. Our new studies, probing an array of >8,000 antigens, indicate that these IGs also bind influenza virus. Because of the IGs high-affinity homo-dimerization, we asked if the defined foreign- and self-antigenic interactions were mediated by conventional B-cell receptor (BCR) domains or a non-conventional receptor created by homo-dimerization. The studies indicated the latter since abrogation of homo-dimerization eliminated binding to influenza virus and its hemagglutinin and to viable lymphocytes. Using these findings, we modeled a developmental path whereby a naive IgM+ B cell with subset #4 heavy and light chain variable domains used the conventional BCR to interact with auto- and foreign antigens and acquire homo-dimerization capacity to create the non-conventional antigen-receptor when transitioning to a leukemic cell. Future studies will determine if this process is an idiosyncratic occurrence or a physiologic principle.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1607189/fullchronic lymphocytic leukemiaB cell receptorantigenantigen bindingautoreactivity
spellingShingle Yun Liu
Yun Liu
Dzmitry Padhorny
Dzmitry Padhorny
Rosa Catera
Rosa Catera
Antonella Nicolo
Xiao-Jie Yan
Xiao-Jie Yan
Stan Xiaogang Li
Stan Xiaogang Li
Anastasia Iatrou
Andrea N. Mazzarello
Andrea N. Mazzarello
Noemi Destefani
Noemi Destefani
Steven L. Allen
Steven L. Allen
Jonathan E. Kolitz
Jonathan E. Kolitz
Kanti R. Rai
Kanti R. Rai
Massimo Degano
Massimo Degano
Paolo P. Ghia
Paolo P. Ghia
Charles C. Chu
Charles C. Chu
Florian Krammer
Florian Krammer
Hassan Jumaa
Kostas Stamatopoulos
Dima Kozakov
Dima Kozakov
Nicholas Chiorazzi
Nicholas Chiorazzi
Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones
Frontiers in Immunology
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
B cell receptor
antigen
antigen binding
autoreactivity
title Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones
title_full Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones
title_fullStr Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones
title_full_unstemmed Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones
title_short Conventional and non-conventional antigen-binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #4 clones
title_sort conventional and non conventional antigen binding sites promote the development and function of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset 4 clones
topic chronic lymphocytic leukemia
B cell receptor
antigen
antigen binding
autoreactivity
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1607189/full
work_keys_str_mv AT yunliu conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT yunliu conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT dzmitrypadhorny conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT dzmitrypadhorny conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT rosacatera conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT rosacatera conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT antonellanicolo conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT xiaojieyan conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT xiaojieyan conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT stanxiaogangli conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT stanxiaogangli conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT anastasiaiatrou conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT andreanmazzarello conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT andreanmazzarello conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT noemidestefani conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT noemidestefani conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT stevenlallen conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT stevenlallen conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT jonathanekolitz conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT jonathanekolitz conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT kantirrai conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT kantirrai conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT massimodegano conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT massimodegano conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT paolopghia conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT paolopghia conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT charlescchu conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT charlescchu conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT floriankrammer conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT floriankrammer conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT hassanjumaa conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT kostasstamatopoulos conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT dimakozakov conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT dimakozakov conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT nicholaschiorazzi conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones
AT nicholaschiorazzi conventionalandnonconventionalantigenbindingsitespromotethedevelopmentandfunctionofchroniclymphocyticleukemiastereotypedsubset4clones