Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options
Abstract Background Diversification, intensification, new water and integrated nutrient management methods of rice-based cropping systems are being advocated as an alternative to the water-intensive nature of conventional rice cultivation in north-western India to address the issues of decline in th...
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CABI
2022-10-01
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| Series: | CABI Agriculture and Bioscience |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-022-00134-2 |
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| author | Rakesh Kumar Verma Yashbir Singh Shivay Radha Prasanna Prakash Chand Ghasal Chiter Mal Parihar Mukesh Choudhary Raghavendra Madar |
| author_facet | Rakesh Kumar Verma Yashbir Singh Shivay Radha Prasanna Prakash Chand Ghasal Chiter Mal Parihar Mukesh Choudhary Raghavendra Madar |
| author_sort | Rakesh Kumar Verma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Diversification, intensification, new water and integrated nutrient management methods of rice-based cropping systems are being advocated as an alternative to the water-intensive nature of conventional rice cultivation in north-western India to address the issues of decline in the productivity, energy and nutritional scarcity and deteriorating soil fertility. Hence, the development of eco-friendly cropping systems with efficient nutrient management is essential for sustainable productivity. Material and methods The experiment was conducted with four cropping systems viz. direct-seeded basmati rice (DSBR)-wheat-fallow, DSBR-wheat-greengram, DSBR-cabbage-greengram and DSBR-cabbage-onion, being assigned to vertical strips; and 4 nutrient management strategies (MNS), viz. control, 100% RDF (recommended dose of fertilizers), 50% RDF + 25% RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen) through leaf compost + biofertilizers and 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers assigned to horizontal strips. Results The highest system productivity (20.7 Mg/ha) was registered in DSBR-cabbage-onion and with a nutrient management strategy of 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers (13.5 Mg/ha). The highest net energy (269.6 × 103 MJ/ha) was generated under DSBR-wheat-greengram. Among different NMS, the highest energy output efficiency was recorded under NS3 (0.20 × 103 MJ/ha/day). The CS2 had 20.4% and 20.2% higher total system protein yield and protein equivalent yield for adults than DSBR-wheat-fallow, respectively. Application of NS3 had the highest total system protein yield (89.7%) and protein equivalent yield for adults (92.6%) over the control (NS0). The maximum net return (5755 US$/ha) was obtained under CS4. Conclusion A cropping system involving DSBR-cabbage-onion and application of 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers is identified as the most productive, energy efficient and profitable production system. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd1590acf3334b2fb7a2cf44e6e6dfaf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2662-4044 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | CABI |
| record_format | Article |
| series | CABI Agriculture and Bioscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-bd1590acf3334b2fb7a2cf44e6e6dfaf2025-02-02T05:42:11ZengCABICABI Agriculture and Bioscience2662-40442022-10-013111410.1186/s43170-022-00134-2Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management optionsRakesh Kumar Verma0Yashbir Singh Shivay1Radha Prasanna2Prakash Chand Ghasal3Chiter Mal Parihar4Mukesh Choudhary5Raghavendra Madar6Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteDivision of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteICAR-Indian Institute of Farming Systems ResearchDivision of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research InstituteICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research InstituteICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean ResearchAbstract Background Diversification, intensification, new water and integrated nutrient management methods of rice-based cropping systems are being advocated as an alternative to the water-intensive nature of conventional rice cultivation in north-western India to address the issues of decline in the productivity, energy and nutritional scarcity and deteriorating soil fertility. Hence, the development of eco-friendly cropping systems with efficient nutrient management is essential for sustainable productivity. Material and methods The experiment was conducted with four cropping systems viz. direct-seeded basmati rice (DSBR)-wheat-fallow, DSBR-wheat-greengram, DSBR-cabbage-greengram and DSBR-cabbage-onion, being assigned to vertical strips; and 4 nutrient management strategies (MNS), viz. control, 100% RDF (recommended dose of fertilizers), 50% RDF + 25% RDN (recommended dose of nitrogen) through leaf compost + biofertilizers and 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers assigned to horizontal strips. Results The highest system productivity (20.7 Mg/ha) was registered in DSBR-cabbage-onion and with a nutrient management strategy of 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers (13.5 Mg/ha). The highest net energy (269.6 × 103 MJ/ha) was generated under DSBR-wheat-greengram. Among different NMS, the highest energy output efficiency was recorded under NS3 (0.20 × 103 MJ/ha/day). The CS2 had 20.4% and 20.2% higher total system protein yield and protein equivalent yield for adults than DSBR-wheat-fallow, respectively. Application of NS3 had the highest total system protein yield (89.7%) and protein equivalent yield for adults (92.6%) over the control (NS0). The maximum net return (5755 US$/ha) was obtained under CS4. Conclusion A cropping system involving DSBR-cabbage-onion and application of 50% RDF + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers is identified as the most productive, energy efficient and profitable production system.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-022-00134-2Bio-energyNutrient management strategiesProtein yieldRice equivalent yield |
| spellingShingle | Rakesh Kumar Verma Yashbir Singh Shivay Radha Prasanna Prakash Chand Ghasal Chiter Mal Parihar Mukesh Choudhary Raghavendra Madar Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options CABI Agriculture and Bioscience Bio-energy Nutrient management strategies Protein yield Rice equivalent yield |
| title | Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options |
| title_full | Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options |
| title_fullStr | Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options |
| title_short | Bio-energy auditing, system productivity, energy efficiencies and economics of different direct-seeded basmati rice-based cropping systems and nutrient management options |
| title_sort | bio energy auditing system productivity energy efficiencies and economics of different direct seeded basmati rice based cropping systems and nutrient management options |
| topic | Bio-energy Nutrient management strategies Protein yield Rice equivalent yield |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-022-00134-2 |
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