Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study
ObjectivesType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is recognized as a risk factor for periodontal disease (PD), with evidence supporting a bidirectional relationship. Food choices are thought to influence both conditions, but research on their impact specifically on PD remains limited. This study aimed to explore whet...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2025.1468995/full |
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| author | Hunter Smith David Travis Thomas Gabriela Nicole Vázquez-Morales Lakin Puckett María Del Mar Rodriguez Arnold Stromberg Luciana Macchion Shaddox Mauro Pedrine Santamaria Kevin Pearce Oelisoa Mireille Andriankaja |
| author_facet | Hunter Smith David Travis Thomas Gabriela Nicole Vázquez-Morales Lakin Puckett María Del Mar Rodriguez Arnold Stromberg Luciana Macchion Shaddox Mauro Pedrine Santamaria Kevin Pearce Oelisoa Mireille Andriankaja |
| author_sort | Hunter Smith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectivesType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is recognized as a risk factor for periodontal disease (PD), with evidence supporting a bidirectional relationship. Food choices are thought to influence both conditions, but research on their impact specifically on PD remains limited. This study aimed to explore whether food choices were linked to higher prevalence of adverse periodontal parameters and poorly controlled glucose levels among Hispanic adults with T2D.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 260 Puerto Rican adults aged 40–65 years, all diagnosed with T2D. Dietary habits were assessed by weekly frequencies of food choices deemed healthy or unhealthy over the past year. Periodontal health was evaluated by the percentage of sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) at corresponding teeth. Glucose control was measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, with uncontrolled glucose defined as HbA1c ≥ 7%. Linear regression models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables estimated associations with PD. Logistic regression assessed associations with glucose control.ResultsThe median Healthy Eating Score was 0.5 (Q1, Q3: −3.9, 4.5). A higher Healthy Eating Score was significantly associated with fewer sites exhibiting PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP (adjusted β: −0.02; SE: 0.01; p = 0.035), and reduced odds of uncontrolled glucose (adjusted odds ratio: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89–0.98; p = 0.007).ConclusionsAdherence to a healthier dietary pattern appears to correlate with lower periodontal inflammation and greater glucose control among Hispanics with T2D. Prospective studies are needed to confirm causality and long-term effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bc4dc72df56442c1b0b9667d58f39e01 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-4842 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-bc4dc72df56442c1b0b9667d58f39e012025-01-31T06:39:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oral Health2673-48422025-01-01610.3389/froh.2025.14689951468995Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS studyHunter Smith0David Travis Thomas1Gabriela Nicole Vázquez-Morales2Lakin Puckett3María Del Mar Rodriguez4Arnold Stromberg5Luciana Macchion Shaddox6Mauro Pedrine Santamaria7Kevin Pearce8Oelisoa Mireille Andriankaja9College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesDepartment of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesNatural Sciences Department, University of Puerto Rico, Cayey, Puerto RicoDepartment of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture, Food, & Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesSchool of Dental Medicine, Center for Clinical Research and Health Promotion, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto RicoDr. Bing Zhang Department of Statistics, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesCollege of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesCollege of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesCollege of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United StatesObjectivesType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is recognized as a risk factor for periodontal disease (PD), with evidence supporting a bidirectional relationship. Food choices are thought to influence both conditions, but research on their impact specifically on PD remains limited. This study aimed to explore whether food choices were linked to higher prevalence of adverse periodontal parameters and poorly controlled glucose levels among Hispanic adults with T2D.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 260 Puerto Rican adults aged 40–65 years, all diagnosed with T2D. Dietary habits were assessed by weekly frequencies of food choices deemed healthy or unhealthy over the past year. Periodontal health was evaluated by the percentage of sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) at corresponding teeth. Glucose control was measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, with uncontrolled glucose defined as HbA1c ≥ 7%. Linear regression models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables estimated associations with PD. Logistic regression assessed associations with glucose control.ResultsThe median Healthy Eating Score was 0.5 (Q1, Q3: −3.9, 4.5). A higher Healthy Eating Score was significantly associated with fewer sites exhibiting PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP (adjusted β: −0.02; SE: 0.01; p = 0.035), and reduced odds of uncontrolled glucose (adjusted odds ratio: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89–0.98; p = 0.007).ConclusionsAdherence to a healthier dietary pattern appears to correlate with lower periodontal inflammation and greater glucose control among Hispanics with T2D. Prospective studies are needed to confirm causality and long-term effects.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2025.1468995/fulldietary habitsperiodontal diseaseglucose controltype 2 diabetescomorbidityrisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Hunter Smith David Travis Thomas Gabriela Nicole Vázquez-Morales Lakin Puckett María Del Mar Rodriguez Arnold Stromberg Luciana Macchion Shaddox Mauro Pedrine Santamaria Kevin Pearce Oelisoa Mireille Andriankaja Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study Frontiers in Oral Health dietary habits periodontal disease glucose control type 2 diabetes comorbidity risk factor |
| title | Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study |
| title_full | Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study |
| title_fullStr | Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study |
| title_short | Cross-sectional association among dietary habits, periodontitis, and uncontrolled diabetes in Hispanics: the LLIPDS study |
| title_sort | cross sectional association among dietary habits periodontitis and uncontrolled diabetes in hispanics the llipds study |
| topic | dietary habits periodontal disease glucose control type 2 diabetes comorbidity risk factor |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2025.1468995/full |
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