Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator
With the ever-growing demand for high-speed optical communications, microwave photonics, and quantum key distribution systems, compact electro-optic (EO) modulators with high extinction ratios, large bandwidth, and high tuning efficiency are urgently pursued. However, most integrated lithium–niobate...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Zixin Chen Jianping Li Weiqin Zheng Hongkang Liu Quandong Huang Ya Han Yuwen Qin |
| author_facet | Zixin Chen Jianping Li Weiqin Zheng Hongkang Liu Quandong Huang Ya Han Yuwen Qin |
| author_sort | Zixin Chen |
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| description | With the ever-growing demand for high-speed optical communications, microwave photonics, and quantum key distribution systems, compact electro-optic (EO) modulators with high extinction ratios, large bandwidth, and high tuning efficiency are urgently pursued. However, most integrated lithium–niobate (LN) modulators cannot achieve these high performances simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an improved theoretical model of a chip-scale electro-optic (EO) microring modulator (EO-MRM) based on X-cut lithium–niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) with a hybrid architecture consisting of a 180-degree Euler bend in the coupling region, double-layer metal electrode structure, and ground–signal–signal–ground (G-S-S-G) electrode configuration, which can realize highly comprehensive performance and a compact footprint. After parameter optimization, the designed EO-MRM exhibited an extinction ratio of 38 dB. Compared to the structure without Euler bends, the increase was 35 dB. It also had a modulation bandwidth of 29 GHz and a tunability of 8.24 pm/V when the straight waveguide length was 100 μm. At the same time, the proposed device footprint was 1.92 × 10<sup>4</sup> μm<sup>2</sup>. The proposed MRM model provides an efficient solution to high-speed optical communication systems and microwave photonics, which is helpful for the fabrication of high-performance and multifunctional photonic integrated devices. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b95f6b33373e46aebcf1bdf0450e61ed2025-01-24T13:46:27ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-01-011218510.3390/photonics12010085Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack ResonatorZixin Chen0Jianping Li1Weiqin Zheng2Hongkang Liu3Quandong Huang4Ya Han5Yuwen Qin6Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Photonics Technology, School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaWith the ever-growing demand for high-speed optical communications, microwave photonics, and quantum key distribution systems, compact electro-optic (EO) modulators with high extinction ratios, large bandwidth, and high tuning efficiency are urgently pursued. However, most integrated lithium–niobate (LN) modulators cannot achieve these high performances simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an improved theoretical model of a chip-scale electro-optic (EO) microring modulator (EO-MRM) based on X-cut lithium–niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) with a hybrid architecture consisting of a 180-degree Euler bend in the coupling region, double-layer metal electrode structure, and ground–signal–signal–ground (G-S-S-G) electrode configuration, which can realize highly comprehensive performance and a compact footprint. After parameter optimization, the designed EO-MRM exhibited an extinction ratio of 38 dB. Compared to the structure without Euler bends, the increase was 35 dB. It also had a modulation bandwidth of 29 GHz and a tunability of 8.24 pm/V when the straight waveguide length was 100 μm. At the same time, the proposed device footprint was 1.92 × 10<sup>4</sup> μm<sup>2</sup>. The proposed MRM model provides an efficient solution to high-speed optical communication systems and microwave photonics, which is helpful for the fabrication of high-performance and multifunctional photonic integrated devices.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/1/85TFLNMRMEOMhigh extinction ratiosmall footprint |
| spellingShingle | Zixin Chen Jianping Li Weiqin Zheng Hongkang Liu Quandong Huang Ya Han Yuwen Qin Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator Photonics TFLN MRM EOM high extinction ratio small footprint |
| title | Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator |
| title_full | Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator |
| title_fullStr | Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator |
| title_short | Design and Analysis of Compact High–Performance Lithium–Niobate Electro–Optic Modulator Based on a Racetrack Resonator |
| title_sort | design and analysis of compact high performance lithium niobate electro optic modulator based on a racetrack resonator |
| topic | TFLN MRM EOM high extinction ratio small footprint |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/1/85 |
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