Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome
One of the significant challenges facing modern medicine is the rising rate of antibiotic resistance, which impacts public health, animal health, and environmental preservation. Evaluating antibiotic resistance in wildlife and their environments is crucial, as it offers essential insights into the d...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Carolina Sabença Rani de la Rivière Paulo Barros João Alexandre Cabral Roberto Sargo Luís Sousa Maria de Lurdes Enes Dapkevicius Filipe Silva Filipa Lopes Ana Carolina Abrantes Madalena Vieira-Pinto Manuela Caniça Gilberto Igrejas Carmen Torres Patrícia Poeta |
| author_facet | Carolina Sabença Rani de la Rivière Paulo Barros João Alexandre Cabral Roberto Sargo Luís Sousa Maria de Lurdes Enes Dapkevicius Filipe Silva Filipa Lopes Ana Carolina Abrantes Madalena Vieira-Pinto Manuela Caniça Gilberto Igrejas Carmen Torres Patrícia Poeta |
| author_sort | Carolina Sabença |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the significant challenges facing modern medicine is the rising rate of antibiotic resistance, which impacts public health, animal health, and environmental preservation. Evaluating antibiotic resistance in wildlife and their environments is crucial, as it offers essential insights into the dynamics of resistance patterns and promotes strategies for monitoring, prevention, and intervention. <i>Klebsiella</i> and <i>Raoultella</i> genera isolates were recovered from fecal samples of wild animals and environmental samples using media without antibiotic supplementation. Antibiograms were performed for 15 antibiotics to determine the phenotypic resistance profile in these isolates. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was tested by the double-disc synergy test, and one ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolate was screened by PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Biofilm production was analyzed using the microtiter plate method. A total of 23 <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and 3 <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates were obtained from 312 fecal samples from wild animals, 9 <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and 4 <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates were obtained from 18 river and stream water samples, and 4 <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and 3 <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates from 48 soil samples. Regarding antibiotic resistance, only one isolate of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> from soil samples was an ESBL-producer and showed resistance to six antibiotics. This isolate harbored multiple β-lactams genes (<i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>TEM-1</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV-28</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-1</sub>), as well as genes of resistance to quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol, and belonged to the lineage ST307. Most of the <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates were biofilm producers (except for one <i>Klebsiella</i> isolate), and 45.6% were weak biofilm producers, with the remaining being moderate to strong biofilm producers. We can conclude that antibiotic resistance is not widespread in these environment-associated isolates, which is a positive epidemiological outcome. However, identifying a single ESBL-<i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolate should serve as a warning of potential hotspots of resistance emergence. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b7e550a6a9ee4fcc968e821272ae1e7a |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b7e550a6a9ee4fcc968e821272ae1e7a2025-01-24T13:44:54ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-01-011419910.3390/pathogens14010099Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic OutcomeCarolina Sabença0Rani de la Rivière1Paulo Barros2João Alexandre Cabral3Roberto Sargo4Luís Sousa5Maria de Lurdes Enes Dapkevicius6Filipe Silva7Filipa Lopes8Ana Carolina Abrantes9Madalena Vieira-Pinto10Manuela Caniça11Gilberto Igrejas12Carmen Torres13Patrícia Poeta14MicroART-Antibiotic Resistance Team, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalNational Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, 1649-016 Lisbon, PortugalCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCRAS-Center for the Recovery of Wild Animals, Veterinary Hospital, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCRAS-Center for the Recovery of Wild Animals, Veterinary Hospital, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalFaculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, PortugalCRAS-Center for the Recovery of Wild Animals, Veterinary Hospital, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCERAS, Wildlife Study and Rehabilitation Centre, Quercus ANCN, Rua Tenente Valadim 19, 6000-284 Castelo Branco, PortugalCECAV, Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalCECAV, Veterinary and Animal Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalNational Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, 1649-016 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalArea of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, SpainMicroART-Antibiotic Resistance Team, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, PortugalOne of the significant challenges facing modern medicine is the rising rate of antibiotic resistance, which impacts public health, animal health, and environmental preservation. Evaluating antibiotic resistance in wildlife and their environments is crucial, as it offers essential insights into the dynamics of resistance patterns and promotes strategies for monitoring, prevention, and intervention. <i>Klebsiella</i> and <i>Raoultella</i> genera isolates were recovered from fecal samples of wild animals and environmental samples using media without antibiotic supplementation. Antibiograms were performed for 15 antibiotics to determine the phenotypic resistance profile in these isolates. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was tested by the double-disc synergy test, and one ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolate was screened by PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Biofilm production was analyzed using the microtiter plate method. A total of 23 <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and 3 <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates were obtained from 312 fecal samples from wild animals, 9 <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and 4 <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates were obtained from 18 river and stream water samples, and 4 <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and 3 <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates from 48 soil samples. Regarding antibiotic resistance, only one isolate of <i>K. pneumoniae</i> from soil samples was an ESBL-producer and showed resistance to six antibiotics. This isolate harbored multiple β-lactams genes (<i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M-15</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>TEM-1</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV-28</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-1</sub>), as well as genes of resistance to quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol, and belonged to the lineage ST307. Most of the <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. isolates were biofilm producers (except for one <i>Klebsiella</i> isolate), and 45.6% were weak biofilm producers, with the remaining being moderate to strong biofilm producers. We can conclude that antibiotic resistance is not widespread in these environment-associated isolates, which is a positive epidemiological outcome. However, identifying a single ESBL-<i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolate should serve as a warning of potential hotspots of resistance emergence.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/99wildlifeenvironment<i>Klebsiella</i> spp.<i>Raoultella</i> spp. |
| spellingShingle | Carolina Sabença Rani de la Rivière Paulo Barros João Alexandre Cabral Roberto Sargo Luís Sousa Maria de Lurdes Enes Dapkevicius Filipe Silva Filipa Lopes Ana Carolina Abrantes Madalena Vieira-Pinto Manuela Caniça Gilberto Igrejas Carmen Torres Patrícia Poeta Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome Pathogens wildlife environment <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. <i>Raoultella</i> spp. |
| title | Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome |
| title_full | Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome |
| title_short | Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates of <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. and <i>Raoultella</i> spp. in Wildlife and Their Environment from Portugal: A Positive Epidemiologic Outcome |
| title_sort | assessment of antibiotic resistance among isolates of i klebsiella i spp and i raoultella i spp in wildlife and their environment from portugal a positive epidemiologic outcome |
| topic | wildlife environment <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. <i>Raoultella</i> spp. |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/1/99 |
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