A Novel Transit Bus Number Identification Approach for Frictionless Fare Collection Using Passenger Location Data

Automated Fare Collection (AFC) systems are essential for advancing public transportation infrastructure. This study introduces a Be-In Be-Out (BIBO) framework that uses smartphone location data to facilitate frictionless fare collection by identifying public bus trips. The framework consists of two...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nafise Ghorbankhani, Morteza Adl, Ryan Ahmed, Ali Emadi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11071701/
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