Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary
Introduction. The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the evidence for different CRC screening tests and to determine the most appropriate ages of initiation and cessation for CRC screening and the most appropriate screening intervals for selected CRC screening tests in people at a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2878149 |
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| author | Jill Tinmouth Emily T. Vella Nancy N. Baxter Catherine Dubé Michael Gould Amanda Hey Nofisat Ismaila Bronwen R. McCurdy Lawrence Paszat |
| author_facet | Jill Tinmouth Emily T. Vella Nancy N. Baxter Catherine Dubé Michael Gould Amanda Hey Nofisat Ismaila Bronwen R. McCurdy Lawrence Paszat |
| author_sort | Jill Tinmouth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction. The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the evidence for different CRC screening tests and to determine the most appropriate ages of initiation and cessation for CRC screening and the most appropriate screening intervals for selected CRC screening tests in people at average risk for CRC. Methods. Electronic databases were searched for studies that addressed the research objectives. Meta-analyses were conducted with clinically homogenous trials. A working group reviewed the evidence to develop conclusions. Results. Thirty RCTs and 29 observational studies were included. Flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) prevented CRC and led to the largest reduction in CRC mortality with a smaller but significant reduction in CRC mortality with the use of guaiac fecal occult blood tests (gFOBTs). There was insufficient or low quality evidence to support the use of other screening tests, including colonoscopy, as well as changing the ages of initiation and cessation for CRC screening with gFOBTs in Ontario. Either annual or biennial screening using gFOBT reduces CRC-related mortality. Conclusion. The evidentiary base supports the use of FS or FOBT (either annual or biennial) to screen patients at average risk for CRC. This work will guide the development of the provincial CRC screening program. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b79d1e8dae3c4894b5aa5f094734f3b1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2291-2789 2291-2797 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b79d1e8dae3c4894b5aa5f094734f3b12025-02-03T06:05:08ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology2291-27892291-27972016-01-01201610.1155/2016/28781492878149Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence SummaryJill Tinmouth0Emily T. Vella1Nancy N. Baxter2Catherine Dubé3Michael Gould4Amanda Hey5Nofisat Ismaila6Bronwen R. McCurdy7Lawrence Paszat8Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, CanadaProgram in Evidence-Based Care, Cancer Care Ontario, Hamilton, ON, CanadaPrevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, CanadaPrevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, CanadaWilliam Osler Health Centre, Etobicoke, ON, CanadaNortheast Cancer Centre Health Sciences North/Horizon Santé-Nord, Sudbury Outpatient Centre, Sudbury, ON, CanadaAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA, USAPrevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, CanadaIntroduction. The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the evidence for different CRC screening tests and to determine the most appropriate ages of initiation and cessation for CRC screening and the most appropriate screening intervals for selected CRC screening tests in people at average risk for CRC. Methods. Electronic databases were searched for studies that addressed the research objectives. Meta-analyses were conducted with clinically homogenous trials. A working group reviewed the evidence to develop conclusions. Results. Thirty RCTs and 29 observational studies were included. Flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) prevented CRC and led to the largest reduction in CRC mortality with a smaller but significant reduction in CRC mortality with the use of guaiac fecal occult blood tests (gFOBTs). There was insufficient or low quality evidence to support the use of other screening tests, including colonoscopy, as well as changing the ages of initiation and cessation for CRC screening with gFOBTs in Ontario. Either annual or biennial screening using gFOBT reduces CRC-related mortality. Conclusion. The evidentiary base supports the use of FS or FOBT (either annual or biennial) to screen patients at average risk for CRC. This work will guide the development of the provincial CRC screening program.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2878149 |
| spellingShingle | Jill Tinmouth Emily T. Vella Nancy N. Baxter Catherine Dubé Michael Gould Amanda Hey Nofisat Ismaila Bronwen R. McCurdy Lawrence Paszat Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology |
| title | Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary |
| title_full | Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary |
| title_fullStr | Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary |
| title_full_unstemmed | Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary |
| title_short | Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Populations: Evidence Summary |
| title_sort | colorectal cancer screening in average risk populations evidence summary |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2878149 |
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