Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics
Effector CD8+ cells lyse human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV)-infected CD4+ cells by recognizing a viral peptide presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLA) on the CD4+ cell surface, which plays an irreplaceable role in within-host HIV clearance. Using a semi-saturated lysing efficiency of a CD8+ ce...
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AIMS Press
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2024324 |
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| author | Shilian Xu |
| author_facet | Shilian Xu |
| author_sort | Shilian Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Effector CD8+ cells lyse human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV)-infected CD4+ cells by recognizing a viral peptide presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLA) on the CD4+ cell surface, which plays an irreplaceable role in within-host HIV clearance. Using a semi-saturated lysing efficiency of a CD8+ cell, we discuss a model that captures HIV dynamics with different magnitudes of lysing rate induced by different HLA alleles. With the aid of local stability analysis and bifurcation plots, exponential interactions among CD4+ cells, HIV, and CD8+ cells were investigated. The system exhibited unexpectedly complex behaviors that were both mathematically and biologically interesting, for example monostability, periodic oscillations, and bistability. The CD8+ cell lysing rate, the CD8+ cell count, and the saturation effect were combined to determine the HIV kinetics. For a given CD8+ cell count, a low CD8+ cell lysing rate and a high saturation effect led to monostability to a high viral titre, and a low CD8+ cell lysing rate and a low saturation effect triggered periodic oscillations; this explained why patients with a non-protective HLA allele were always associated with a high viral titer and exhibited bad infection control. On the other hand, a high CD8+ cell lysing rate led to bistability and monostability to a low viral titer; this explained why protective HLA alleles are not always associated with good HIV infection outcomes. These mathematical results explain how differences in HLA alleles determine the variability in viral infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b7971577e6ad4945b4e756f508f049d7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1551-0018 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-b7971577e6ad4945b4e756f508f049d72025-01-23T07:48:00ZengAIMS PressMathematical Biosciences and Engineering1551-00182024-10-0121107373739310.3934/mbe.2024324Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kineticsShilian Xu0Department of Environment and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, AustraliaEffector CD8+ cells lyse human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV)-infected CD4+ cells by recognizing a viral peptide presented by human leukocyte antigens (HLA) on the CD4+ cell surface, which plays an irreplaceable role in within-host HIV clearance. Using a semi-saturated lysing efficiency of a CD8+ cell, we discuss a model that captures HIV dynamics with different magnitudes of lysing rate induced by different HLA alleles. With the aid of local stability analysis and bifurcation plots, exponential interactions among CD4+ cells, HIV, and CD8+ cells were investigated. The system exhibited unexpectedly complex behaviors that were both mathematically and biologically interesting, for example monostability, periodic oscillations, and bistability. The CD8+ cell lysing rate, the CD8+ cell count, and the saturation effect were combined to determine the HIV kinetics. For a given CD8+ cell count, a low CD8+ cell lysing rate and a high saturation effect led to monostability to a high viral titre, and a low CD8+ cell lysing rate and a low saturation effect triggered periodic oscillations; this explained why patients with a non-protective HLA allele were always associated with a high viral titer and exhibited bad infection control. On the other hand, a high CD8+ cell lysing rate led to bistability and monostability to a low viral titer; this explained why protective HLA alleles are not always associated with good HIV infection outcomes. These mathematical results explain how differences in HLA alleles determine the variability in viral infection.https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2024324cd8+ cellhla allelebistable viral kineticsoscillating viral kineticssemi-saturated lysing efficiencyprotective hla allele |
| spellingShingle | Shilian Xu Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering cd8+ cell hla allele bistable viral kinetics oscillating viral kinetics semi-saturated lysing efficiency protective hla allele |
| title | Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics |
| title_full | Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics |
| title_fullStr | Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics |
| title_short | Saturated lysing efficiency of CD8+ cells induced monostable, bistable and oscillatory HIV kinetics |
| title_sort | saturated lysing efficiency of cd8 cells induced monostable bistable and oscillatory hiv kinetics |
| topic | cd8+ cell hla allele bistable viral kinetics oscillating viral kinetics semi-saturated lysing efficiency protective hla allele |
| url | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2024324 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shilianxu saturatedlysingefficiencyofcd8cellsinducedmonostablebistableandoscillatoryhivkinetics |