Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam
Central nervous system (CNS) infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, with many studies conducted to determine the aetiology. However, the cause remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. Although a systematic review of the aetiologies of CNS infections was condu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396915/full |
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| author | Hannah E. Brindle Hannah E. Brindle Marc Choisy Marc Choisy Robert Christley Neil French Michael Griffiths Pham Quang Thai H. Rogier van Doorn H. Rogier van Doorn Behzad Nadjm Behzad Nadjm |
| author_facet | Hannah E. Brindle Hannah E. Brindle Marc Choisy Marc Choisy Robert Christley Neil French Michael Griffiths Pham Quang Thai H. Rogier van Doorn H. Rogier van Doorn Behzad Nadjm Behzad Nadjm |
| author_sort | Hannah E. Brindle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Central nervous system (CNS) infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, with many studies conducted to determine the aetiology. However, the cause remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. Although a systematic review of the aetiologies of CNS infections was conducted in the Mekong region, there are no known published reviews of the studies specifically in Vietnam. Here, we review the cause of CNS infections in Vietnam while also considering the potential aetiologies where a cause was not identified, based on the literature from the region. In particular, we focus on the most common pathogens in adults and children including Streptococcus suis which is associated with the consumption of raw pig products, and Japanese encephalitis virus, a mosquito-borne pathogen. We also discuss pathogens less commonly known to cause CNS infections in Vietnam but have been detected in neighbouring countries such as Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi and Leptospira species and how these may contribute to the unknown causes in Vietnam. We anticipate that this review may help guide future public health measures to reduce the burden of known pathogens and broaden testing to help identify additional aetiologies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b70e12ae85ef4574ad15d52be6c2b2bb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-b70e12ae85ef4574ad15d52be6c2b2bb2025-01-31T06:40:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-01-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.13969151396915Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in VietnamHannah E. Brindle0Hannah E. Brindle1Marc Choisy2Marc Choisy3Robert Christley4Neil French5Michael Griffiths6Pham Quang Thai7H. Rogier van Doorn8H. Rogier van Doorn9Behzad Nadjm10Behzad Nadjm11Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, VietnamOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamCentre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomNational Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, VietnamOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, VietnamCentre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, VietnamThe Medical Research Council, The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, GambiaCentral nervous system (CNS) infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, with many studies conducted to determine the aetiology. However, the cause remains unknown in a large proportion of cases. Although a systematic review of the aetiologies of CNS infections was conducted in the Mekong region, there are no known published reviews of the studies specifically in Vietnam. Here, we review the cause of CNS infections in Vietnam while also considering the potential aetiologies where a cause was not identified, based on the literature from the region. In particular, we focus on the most common pathogens in adults and children including Streptococcus suis which is associated with the consumption of raw pig products, and Japanese encephalitis virus, a mosquito-borne pathogen. We also discuss pathogens less commonly known to cause CNS infections in Vietnam but have been detected in neighbouring countries such as Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia typhi and Leptospira species and how these may contribute to the unknown causes in Vietnam. We anticipate that this review may help guide future public health measures to reduce the burden of known pathogens and broaden testing to help identify additional aetiologies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396915/fullcentral nervous system infection (CNSi)VietnamJapanese encephalitisStreptococcus suismeningitisencephalitis |
| spellingShingle | Hannah E. Brindle Hannah E. Brindle Marc Choisy Marc Choisy Robert Christley Neil French Michael Griffiths Pham Quang Thai H. Rogier van Doorn H. Rogier van Doorn Behzad Nadjm Behzad Nadjm Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam Frontiers in Public Health central nervous system infection (CNSi) Vietnam Japanese encephalitis Streptococcus suis meningitis encephalitis |
| title | Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam |
| title_full | Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam |
| title_fullStr | Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam |
| title_short | Review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in Vietnam |
| title_sort | review of the aetiologies of central nervous system infections in vietnam |
| topic | central nervous system infection (CNSi) Vietnam Japanese encephalitis Streptococcus suis meningitis encephalitis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396915/full |
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